Trivailo M.S., Kondratyuk R.V., shapharenko N.V., Saverchenko V.G.

National Technical University of Ukraine «KPI»

THE MULTIPLE AERATION

The model concerns to the biotechnology and can be used for the cultivation of cells in liquid mediums at manufacturing of biologically-active substances and vaccines.

There is known DC which contains vertically located cylindrical case with the technological branch pipes, high-speed and low-speed shafts with the radial shovels placed in the case along its axis, the aerator placed in the bottom part of the case, and also a drive of shaft (А.с. The USSR № 1730135, С12 M3/00, 1992).

This DC is the closest to the utility model for a technical essence and achievable effect and accepted as a prototype.

The known DC is more simple than previous, discharges pollution of a working liquid by products of a pulling down and reduces damage of cells, but it does not provide air circulation in a working liquid which generates expenses of air and harmful emissions in atmosphere and is its basic lack.

The basis of the model is a task of improvement the DC by change of an arrangement of shovels of one of shaft and introduction in a design of additional elements. The circulation, i.e. reusable passage of air through a working liquid which reduces its expenses and harmful emissions in atmosphere is provided in here.

This task is solving by that in DC which contains vertically located cylindrical case with the technological branch pipes, high-speed and low-speed shafts with radial shovels placed in the case along its axis, the aerator, and also the drive of the shaft, according to the utility model the new is that shovels of a high-speed shaft are located in the top part of the case and are equipped by an immovable cylindrical casing with additional aerator attached to it. The specified signs, unlike to the prototype, provide the circulation, i.e. reusable passage of air through a working liquid, which reduces its expenses several times (in comparison with a prototype) and harmful emissions in atmosphere, expanding with it use sphere.

The essence of the utility model is explained on fig. 1 on which the offered DC is schematically represented, its longitudinal section.

DC contains vertically located cylindrical case 1 with a branch pipe 2 for introduction of a nutritious liquid and a sowing material, a branch pipe 3 for removal of a finished product, a branch pipe 4 for removal of the fulfilled gas and a branch pipe 5 with the aerator 6.

In the case 1 along its axis the high-speed 7 and low-speed 8 shafts are placed with the radial shovels 9, 10 fixed on them accordingly. The reference of shafts 7, 8 is realised by the drive 11 in the form of a motor-reducer which provides their movement (reference) with different speeds ω₁ ω₂, where ω₁>ω₂. Screw shovels 9 of the high-speed shaft 7 are located in the top part of the case 1 and are equipped by the casing 12 with the additional aerator 14 attached to it by the piping 13. The casing 12 is motionlessly fixed on the bearing lug of the wall of the case 1. The shovels 10 of the low-speed shaft 8 has a form of the flat plane and block the working liquid on its bigger high.

DC works by the following way.

In the primarily sterilized case 1 through the branch pipe 2 the nutrient liquid and the sowing material (subculture) is fed. After that in the aerator 6 the sterile air for the aeration of the working liquid is fed and turn on the drive 11, due to what the shafts 7, 8 become to rotate. During the turning the shovels 10 of the low-speed shaft 8 mix the working liquid 16, and the shovels 9 of the high-speed shaft 7 — take the air, given by the aerator 6 and pump it to the casing 12. The air pressed in the casing 12 come through the piping 13 to the additional aerator 14, and repeatedly aerate the working liquid after the forcing out of it. After the aeration of the working liquid the air forced out from the additional aerator soak into the casing 12 again, due to it’s nonexpendable circulation through the working liquid take place. With the lowering of the level of the oxygen in the circulating air to the determined norm, the fresh air is fed to the aerator 6, forcing out by it the waste air through the branch pipe 7 to the environment.

After the necessary number of the cycles of the feeding of the fresh air to the case 1 through the aerator 6, the working liquid in merge through the branch pipe 3 for the following use.

As the location of the shovels of the high-speed shaft in its top part and their equipment by the casing with the additional aerator provide the circulation of the air in the working liquid, which is absent in the prototype, so the air waste and its dangerous outliers to the environment decrease many times (in compare with the prototype).

The decreasing of the air using and its outliers to the environment enlarge its scope of use.

In many countries the growth of producer of ferments (fungus and bacterial) is carrying out in vertical reactors with stirrers. Air for aeration of culture comes in such reactors through the bubblers.

Recently there are developed constructions of reactors which allow intensifying the process of development of microorganisms in fluid medium considerably. It is reached by means of intensive mixing of medium in big circulation rate. The Reynolds number for such apparatus reaches 100000 and more.

The construction of such apparatus of “Hemap” company contains of apparatus carcass with detachable cap and jacket; inside the carcass it is built the cylinder with conical base, the top part of cylinder is opened. Air is supplied to the aerating medium through the bubbler. Circulation of medium is carrying out by the instrumentality of screw, which is lead into movement by means of glandless drive from electric drive. The engine is closed, with screened stator.

Owing to the fact of use of screened engine, the construction does not have gasket for led out of screw shaft into atmosphere, that create favorable conditions for ensuring sterility of the process.

Subject to direction of rotation of screw fluid can circulate through the central cylinder by annual cavity, between central cylinder and carcass to the screw or in reverse direction. Such apparatus are making also with location of drive in the top part of apparatus cover that provides more favorable conditions for apparatus work and its service.

Apparatus with screw mixing device, analogous to the shown one, with screened electric motor is produced by the same Swedish company “Hemap”.

In Japan there are applied reactors for growth of microorganisms with stirrers and supplying of air through bubblers. These reactors are equipped with system for automatic inspections and technological process control.

“Tissen” company releases reactors that are equipped with spiral jacket, divided into five sections. In the apparatus there are installed three cascade coolers (there are also realizing apparatus without cascade coolers). Air is supplying through the demountable bubbler of square form. Bubbler is built on flange connections and is equipped with devices for cleaning ability.

The evaporation of fermentative solutions in France is realized in vacuum evaporating apparatus with detachable heating area, and in single-pass film Kestner apparatus.

Swedish company “ De Laval” realizes ultra speed revolving evaporator systems “centryterm” for thermolabile solutions.

Heating area of apparatus is made of hollow conic plates which are heating by steam and are rotating on the general gudgeon. Basic solution comes into apparatus through the branch pipe. Out of the adjutages which are located on the branch pipe, liquid comes into bottom surfaces of heating plates. Under the influence of centrifugal force liquid allocates on all the heating surface as layer with depth of 0,1 mm. Boiling liquid passes the heating surface to the bottom generating line of cones in time of approximately one second.