Кhaymuldinova Altyngul Kumashevna, Bulasheva Aigul Imangalievna, Eszhanov Galihan Serdalinovich

Kokshetau State Universitynamed after Sh.Ualihanov, str. Kuanyshev 170 (a), Kokshetau 000020, Akmola region, The Republic of Kazakhstan

Changes in the quality of the fat phase biocomplex to increase the protective functions of the body, depending on the length of the dispersion

Keywords: dispersing, linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic pentatenovaya, biocomplex oxidation reagent, acid, peroxide number

Summary

Scientifically based method of lightening the whole blood of horses without the use of chemicals by dispersing its biocomposition using physical methods of treatment, with a sufficiently high biological value and using it in meat production.

The optimal technological parameters of production biocomplex (temperature insertion of components, selection and order of mixing, the dispersion (maximum dispersion and stability biocomposition observed at τ = 7 min., Average adipose particles = 1.96 mm), the lack of hydrolytic and oxidative processes in fat biocomplex (within 6-10 minutes of acid and peroxide are not changed and remain within 1.10-1.15 and 0,021-0,023 level control; PUFAs are not destroyed).

1 Changes in the content of polyunsaturated adipose acids

To address the question of whether to use mechanical processing in the manufacture of biocomplex decisive factor is the quality of the product. Therefore, it became necessary to study changes in the adipose phase biocomplex depending on the length of dispersion. As a control experiment, adopted pork meat.

In addition to the peroxide and acid number of adipose quality can be characterized by changes in the content of polyunsaturated adipose acids such as linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic, are vital and least stable at various physical and chemical influences.

Data on the change in the content of conjugated compounds and peroxide value and acid number of adipose particles, depending on the length of the dispersion are given in Tables 1 and 2.

Table -1 Change of acid and peroxide numbers of adipose particles in the process of dispersing

_I_ndicators	_{№ experience}	_{Thetreatmenttime, min}
_I_ndicators	_{№ experience}	_Contact _role	₃	₅	₇	₁₀	₁₂
_Аcidnumber	₁	_1,15	_1,15	_1,18	_1,18	_1,17	_1,19
_Аcidnumber	₂	_1,10	_1,10	_1,12	_1,12	_1,10	_1,10
	₃	_1,13	_1,13	_1,12	_1,12	_1,12	_1,12
_М		_1,13	_1,13	_1,14	_1,14	_1,13	_1,14
_±_m		_0,015	_0,015	_0,020	_0,020	_0,024	_0,027
_{Peroxidenumber}	₁	_0,021	_0,021	_0,021	_0,020	_0,020	_0,020
	₂	_0,020	_0,020	_0,019	_0,019	_0,019	_0,019
	₃	_0,023	_0,023	_0,022	_0,022	_0,023	_0,013
_М		_0,021	_0,021	_0,021	_0,020	_0,021	_0,018
_±_m		_0,0009	_0,0009	_0,0009	_0,0009	_0,0009	_0,0009

Table 2 - Changes in the content of compounds with conjugated double ties in the process of dispersing

PairedConnection	№ experience	Thedispersiontime, min.
PairedConnection	№ experience	_Contact _role	3	5	7	10	12
Х^С	1	0,810	0,805	0,810	0,810	0,810	0,810
	2	0,782	0,780	0,783	0,782	0,783	0,783
	3	0,811	0,810	0,812	0,810	0,810	0,811
М		0,801	0,798	0,802	0,801	0,801	0,801
± m		0,0095	0,0093	0,0093	0,0093	0,0090	0,0092
У^С		-	-	-	-	-	-
Z^C		-	-	-	-	-	-
U^C	1	0,0163	0,0165	0,0163	0,0165	0,0166	0,0166
	2	0,0141	0,0142	0,0141	0,0140	0,0141	0,0141
	3	0,0156	0,0155	0,0156	0,0155	0,0156	0,0156
М		0,0153	0,0154	0,0153	0,0153	0,0154	0,0154
± m		0,00065	0,00067	0,00065	0,00073	0,00073	0,00073

As seen from the results shown in Tables 1-2, the amount of diene, triene, tetraene and pentaenoate with conjugated bonds does not change the duration of machining. Thus, we can say that the polyunsaturated fatty acids: linoleic, linolenic and pentanoicarachidonic in the formation of the emulsion is not broken, therefore the quality and nutritional value of the fat phase of the duration of mechanical stress is not reduced.

Acid and peroxide values of adipose particles in the dispersion process are not changed and remain at the level of control.

2 The study of lipid peroxidation depending on the length of dispersion

It is known that in the process of dispersing adipose particles with the help of mechanical impact possible physical and chemical changes of the object, manifested in destructive rearrangements and lipid peroxidation.

The purpose of this phase of the study to explore the change in the rate of accumulation of hydroperoxides are the primary products of adipose oxidation, chemiluminescence method. This method and the relative simplicity allows to fix the presence of hydroperoxide concentration of 10-7-10-8 mol / liter, whereas the sensitivity of a standard method of 10-4-10-6 mol / liter. The rate of lipid peroxidation is determined by many factors: the composition of the mixture, the presence of factors that inhibit and catalyzing process speed, temperature, oxygen availability, and other antioxidants. Injection biocomplex in the blood may have combined value to adipose oxidation as it contains substances which are may both enhance and inhibit lipid peroxidation.

Injection of the biocomplex broth, melange and other additives, having a strong emulsifying action, can slow down the process of lipid peroxidation. In connection with these studies have established that the influence of mode of mechanical action on the rate of peroxidation of lipids of the adipose phase biocomplex. For this were studied the rate of lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant activity. Lipid peroxidation was studied as a function of time for processing the samples biocomplex. Samples were processed with a homogeniser for 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12 and 15 minutes. Comply with the same composition, temperature biocomplex, as well as the intensity of the elastic vibrations in the processing of a homogenizer.

The data presented in Figure 1 demonstrate that increasing the duration of treatment, an increase of the induction period, designated τ-period, indicating that the increased antioxidant activity of the lipid. The increase in τ-period is biphasic: the first stage (up to 3 minutes), there is an increase it, and then a slight decrease (7 minutes). Such a dependence of τ-period of the duration of mechanical treatment may be a consequence of the opposite effects on lipid peroxidation biocomplex components: blood and masses of "Karty." On the one hand, the blood pigments - hemoglobin and its derivatives containing heme iron are potent catalysts for the oxidation of lipids; on the other hand - the presence in the membranes of red blood cells tocopherol, having the properties of a strong antioxidant, inhibits lipid peroxidation, formation of lepidopterology, lepidorhinusfraction. Formation and lepidopterology andlepidorhinusfractions ensures lightening whole blood. Presence of biocomplex broth melange, sodium ascorbate and other additions leads to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, as it has a high antioxidant activity.

τ_и = 8·10^-11τ⁴+ 2·10^-7τ³– 0,0001τ²+0,0389 τ+ 0,8145 R²= 0,98

Figure 1 - Change in the injection period biocomplex depending on the length of machining

The antioxidant capacity of the above additives due to their high emulsifying properties, providing a high degree of dispersion of the fat phase biocomplex and building strong adsorption lipodepsipeptide, lepidodendraceshells on the surface of the adipose particles, preventing their coalescence. The presence of such layers not only provides stability biocomplex, but also an important factor in inhibition of oxidative processes in emulsified adipose particles. Furthermore, the antioxidant properties of the broth and melange explained, firstly, their ability to bind to divalent iron ions to form inactive in respect of the catalytic components; Secondly, due to the presence within their structure of SH - OH groups can have high antioxidant activity against lipid. This position is supported by the data to determine the rate of lipid peroxidation by a TAC biocomplex.

Figure 2 shows that with increasing duration of mechanical treatment in the early stages there is some increase and then a sharp decline in the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. This can be explained by the fact that the first is a free non-emulsified adipose oxidation, the surface of which there is no layer of stabilizer. With the increase in the dispersion stability and dispersion of biocomplex increases, the amount of stabilized adipose phase increases, formed a strong adsorption lipocarotene, leptophlebia, lepidosirenidaeshell that prevents oxidation of lipids.

ТБК= 3·10^-11τ⁴+ 7·10^-8τ³- 5·10^-5τ²+ 0,013 τ +1,0554 R²=0,97

Figure 2 - Changes in titratable acidity biocomplex protein depending on the length of machining

This result is confirmed by the previously obtained data indicating that the most stable biocomplex with minimum particle size of the adipose phase obtained by the processing time 7 min.

Change in the amplitude quick flash chemiluminescenceaccording to the length of dispersion are shown in Figure 3 Variation of the amplitude quick flash confirms the dependence of lipid peroxidation on the degree of stability and dispersion biocomplex, namely: first, the amplitude of the flash increases as the rate of formation of hydroperoxides is higher than the rate of their destruction. However, with increasing duration of treatment, behind a growing stability biocomplex, the rate of formation of hydroperoxides decreases and reaches a minimum value at 7 min. processing. After a 7-minute treatment biocomplex stability is somewhat reduced, which affects the rate of increase in lipid peroxidation, as evidenced by the amplitude of the fast flash at 9, 12 and so on. G. Minute processing.

The increase in the rate of lipid peroxidation in the initial period is due to the oxidation of free adipose, not more involved in education biocomplex. In the second period the increase in the dispersion leads to a complete structure formation system (maximum dispersion), which is accompanied by the formation of shells around the adipose particles and involvement in the regulation of lipid peroxidation antioxidants blood.

Figure 3 - Variation of the amplitude quick flash chemiluminescence according to the length of dispersion

Further increase in the length of the machining reduces the dispersibility, a certain increase in the content of free adipose particles and as a consequence, increase the rate of lipid peroxidation and decrease of antioxidant activity.

We can say that the presence in the mass of biocomplex "Karty" which is a structural antioxidant, slows the formation of hydroperoxides, thus the quality of the adipose particles phase in the dispersion process is not reduced.

Studies performed to study the changes in the adipose particles phase in the manufacturing process biocomplex revealed that the acid value and peroxide properties, as well as compounds with conjugated double bonds when dispersed on the cutter during 1, 3, 5, 7 minutes remained at the control sample. This indicates that no fine grinding increases the rate of oxidation of adipose particles and destroys vital polyunsaturated adipose acids such as linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic and eicosapentaenoate, i.e. nutritional value of adipose particles in the dispersion process is not changed.

Study of changes in the rate of formation of hydroperoxides - primary products of fat oxidation - chemiluminescence method showed that a slight increase in the rate of formation of hydroperoxides at the beginning of the dispersion process due to oxidation of emulsified adipose particles. With increasing dispersionbiocomplex increases the amount of emulsified adipose particles and reduces the amount of hydroperoxides. By 7 minutes dispersion rate of formation of hydroperoxides reaches its minimum value. A slight increase in the amount ofhydroperoxides by dispersing more than 7 minutes explained destruction biocomplex with the release of free adiposeparticles.

This position is also supported by the value of antioxidant activity, which is characterized by the duration of the induction period and is in inverse proportion to the relationship to lipid peroxidation. Changing the AOA and LPO depends on the rate of formation of the fine system, which in turn depends on the emulsifying ability of an emulsifier, such as broth, melange and nitrite.

Such a move depending on the rate of increase of the duration of hydroperoxides dispersion due to the presence in the composition of the above additives biocomplex with high emulsifying capacity, which provides a strong adsorption membranes around the fat particles, preventing the coalescence of fat particles as well as the contact of the fat phase with oxygen in an aqueous medium.

Broth, egg and other additives have been incorporated into the biocomplexare structural antioxidants, inhibiting the rate of rise of hydroperoxides during the dispersion process.

Thus, the quality of the adipose phase in the dispersion process using mechanical impact is not reduced, ensures the formation of new biological complexes that increase the protective functions of the organism.

Сonclusion. Plural conclusions. Thus, from the above literature data it can be concluded that in creating products for dietary food the aim of achievement of their specific biological and nutritional value through the efficient use of protein, adipose components of meat, raw milk in combination with products of plant origin should be considered the main.

Acknowledgement: This article is based in order to create products of high biological value. I am grateful to my research supervisor, Doctor of Engineering, professor, corr-member of KazAAS of RK E. T. Tuleuov.

Corresponding Author: Dr. Кhaymuldinova, Kokshetau State University named after Sh.Ualihanov, str. Kuanysheva 170 (a), Kokshetau 000020, Akmola region, Republic of Kazakhstan

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