«Psychology and sociology» 8. Pedagogical Psychology

Mikaelyan D. A.

Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Russia

The role of the family in professional self-determination of the child in adolescence

At teenage age readiness for professional self-determination, usually, is absent. Influence of teachers and contemporaries minimum. Competence about the world of professions, character and features diverse kinds of activity most often the poor. Many teenagers don't consider a state of health, or restrictions in choice of profession.

The significant position the parents relatively professional future of children:

1. Favorably active position. Parents try to support the children in choice of profession, considering their specific psychophysiological features.

2. Strong active position. Parents strongly suggest your child his own preference in the choice of an occupation and the educational institution. The individual characteristics of the child, its attitude to this situation are minimomu or neglected, no explanation to a child is not given.

3. Passive position. Parents distancing themselves, giving children the opportunity to build a professional plan. Sometimes this position is due to negative experiences with the older child when the tough stance led to undesirable consequences.

Parents with any of these items may apply to consultant. But those parents who do not come, too, get advice: your child provides information to a reasoned conversation with parents.

It is probable that only those parents who take 1 or 2 positions can make mistakes, that is, anyway, take part in formation of the professional plan of the child. We will notice the most peculiar mistakes.

1. The offer doesn't correspond to specific features of the child because parents insufficiently adequately it estimate. This mistake rather easily gives in to correction in the course of interpretation of results of testing.

2. Parents don't attach significance to that choice of profession – process not only rational, but also emotional. In this regard, even quite adequate council sometimes is rejected – the child doesn't see himself in offered activity.

3. The proposal of parents doesn't correspond to motivation of the child because parents don't take it seriously or want that the child realized their plans.

4. The task of the consultant – to explain to parents that if the child will receive a profession not corresponding to his specific features, he doesn't become the good expert, besides, incorrectly chosen profession can spoil character and harm health.

5. Parents offer the child not a profession, and educational institution. Such offer isn't perceived at all by the child as council, and parents, despite participation, are estimated as withdrawn. In this situation the consultant explains that it is expedient to choose at first a profession, and then – educational institution.

6. Parents offer the child to choose a profession, which from their point of view, will always be in demand. As a rule, the installation of parents especially hard ("you will learn to be an economist, or not count on our help). Parents should explain that the child must choose such a profession, in which he will be competitive, that no profession is not a panacea against unemployment, and the child runs the risk of falling and untapped, and unnecessary to him.

The most adequate councils of parents are not apprehended if between children and parents there is no contact. Most often, violation of family relationship comes then when the child becomes a teenager. In this context we consider only conflict situations which are caused by the wrong behavior of parents.

1. Often parents of the teenager don't realize need of reorganization of the relations "the adult – the child", continue a habitual line of conduct. When this behavior authoritative, in opinion of children aren't interested, insist on unconditional implementation of the requirements, - the child can have problems. Parents complain to the consultant of suddenly arisen bad behavior, roughness, falsity, disobedience. The psychologist explains to parents of the basis of this protective and protest reaction and need of forming of the new relationship created on mutual respect and mutual trust.

2. At times parents project onto children your own qualities, feelings, problem. This leads to inadequate requirements and expectations. Because of this, children may be psychological protection of type denial-they simply stop hearing what they say.

3. Some parents have a child, the excessive demands of his opportunities; constantly put him in an example of a more successful peers, elders, and sometimes younger brothers and sisters. This behavior leads to the formation of the child's inadequate self-esteem right down to an inferiority complex. The consequence is a reduction in the success of all activities and the level of claims. The parents accused of child in laziness. In this case, the appropriate conversation, reinforced by the results of testing. Parents need to explain the real possibilities of the child explain what exactly their inappropriate behavior has consequences, to discuss possible ways to correct this situation.

Some parents sound motif that looks like taking care of a child, but in fact is a reflection of their anxiety, intolerance, and sometimes selfishness.

Such parents actually shift the problems to the child, and this excess loading can cause a stress in the child. Parents have to understand that it is impossible quickly and to solve simply a complex problem, it is necessary to be adjusted for long-term work.

Literature:

1. Golomshtok A.E. Choice of profession and education of the identity of the school student. – M: Pedagogics, 2006. – 160 pages.

2. Emekeev A.A. Family role in a choice of professional activity: Sociology of professions and social groups: Materials III of the All-Russian sociological congress. M: Institute of sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian society of sociologists, 2008.

3. Perevedentsev V. I. The person chooses a profession. – M: Academy, 2008. – 94 pages.

4. Silyaeva E.G. Psychology of the family relations with bases of family consultation: M: Publishing Academy Center, 2007.-192 pages.