ФИЛОСОФИЯ / 6.Философия науки

Elkhova Oksana Igorevna, Doctor of Philosophy , associate professor, Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Bashkir State University, Russia;

Kudryashev Alexander Fedorovich, Doctor of Philosophy , Professor, Head of the Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Bashkir State University, Russia

ANTHROPOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF THE ONTOLOGY

Understanding the dialectic of human existence and of all entity as a result leads to the problem of combining the semantic field of ontology and anthropology. In the ontology is searched bases around the world. As the doctrine of Being an ontology is considered as one of the most important sections of philosophical knowledge. Ontology produces an explanation, ordering that exists, predicts its future development, as well as developing the most common standards of human activity.

The main object of the study of anthropology is human. Currently anthropology involves a huge amount of knowledge about a man who continues to expand. Anthropology as an integrated science of man summarizes the results of many specialized disciplines and complete holistic philosophical understanding of the fundamental dimensions of human existence. Over the long history of its existence, anthropology has absorbed a lot of ideas about the nature and essence of the person, from naturalistic to religious concepts. In modern anthropology man is represented as a super-complicated, multi-level, highly organized system. Offered an integrated, multi-dimensional approach that synthesizes everything of value that has a different anthropological versions, ranging from the naturalistic and ending existential concept. Basic thesis of this approach: each of the anthropological concepts have the same right to the truth, but in a very specific range.

Such an understanding is, on the one hand, the treatment of man as a natural result of the evolution of the universe , and , on the other hand, at the same time as the starting point of the evolution (the anthropic principle).

The place of combination of ontological and anthropological plans becomes a sphere of human life, being temporarily located in a privileged entity, which is able to reveal the hidden, ask and understand himself and in which being is revealed.

Ontology in this combination, occupying a leading position, but at the same time, she is already human-, ontology «with a human face». The unity and mutual complementarity of the ontology and anthropology, giving the possibility of combining the discourses of a man in some holistic system that can lead to the disclosure of the nature of man and the knowledge of its essence. The task is to establish the occurrence of human action in the ontology, we are talking about antropoontologicheskih grounds of entity.

The study of man as a multidimensional ontological structure requires the development of a specific methodology to describe it. In setting up the need for an anthropological component ontology, we need to distinguish between the two versions of the following arguments.

In the first case, it hold the vast majority of modern ontology, or a person's consciousness rely attributes of being. This immediately leads to the conclusion about the necessity of anthropological component of the ontology. However, on the other hand, we note that even the adoption of the anthropic principle in cosmology does not mean recognition of the attributive nature of human existence in the universal scale of being.

The second option is based on the consideration of the understanding of man as an intermediate step in the continuing evolution of matter and the whole of being. Thus assumed that the subjective forms one of the modes of being, nothing more. The solution we are interested in the question of the need for an anthropological component part is found in the works of V.N. Sagatovsky. This decision is a methodological issue.

V.N. Sagatovsky highlighted the objective, subjective and transcendental plans entity. This approach involves the rejection of absolutism any plan entity, they are presented as modes of being, «each of which is required, and all together are necessary and sufficient for the complete being» [1]. V.N. Sagatovsky notes that the aforementioned modes of being there are not next to each other, such as material objects , and «every entity in different ratios (correlates) exists on all three levels», and being presented as an indissoluble unity of its baselines acting as a triad of being. Each of these dimensions has its own logic operation and development, a conceptual framework for the adequate display.

The objective plane of entity (body , matter) is caused by repetitive external relations, acts as everything that is opposed to subjectivity.

The subjective plan of entity is a way of existence, when being is not determined by external interaction, and the ratio of the basis for interpreting the inner world of the subject.

The transcendent plan of entity is what sets the integrity of the subject and of the universe. The presence of a transcendent reality in the subjective experience of reality gives the subject the presence of «the integrity of the higher level (in the spirit of the soul)» [2]. The recognition of this modus is a statement of what being human involvement in the world of universal values that govern and guide its existence and evolution. World of universal values (Good, the True, Beauty, Justice, Life) is transcendental in relation to the real world.

In this case, the essence of man is seen as a systemic quality, each of the modes of being complementary to each other, forming a kind of holographic structure of the human being. This methodology is opposed to any attempts of some sections of information to other human being - not lower to higher or higher to lower. For example, with these positions initially apparent reduction of human fallibility to the vital, biological principles, this reduction was observed in the concepts of naturalism and materialism.

In conclusion, the modern building in the field of anthropology should maximize the account of the results of research in the field of ontology and correlate them, the result of such a correlation is the mutual enrichment of both anthropology and ontology.

LITERATURE

1. Сагатовский В.Н. Триада Бытия. СПб.: Изд-во СПбГУ, 2006. С.69.

2. Сагатовский В.Н. Философия антропокосмизма в кратком изложении. СПб.: Изд-во СПбГУ, 2005. 232с.