Экономические науки/8.
Математические методы в экономике
Serkebayeva L.T
A.Baitursynov Kostanai State University, Kazakhstan
Statistical methods for the analysis of employment and
unemployment
The
International Labor Statistics uses in his practice methods of the general
theory of statistics. Аll processes in the field of labor relations are studied
in dynamics and in the relationship.
Statistics
developed a variety of methods to study relationships. Communication between
processes and their characteristics are classified by the degree of closeness
of the connection, direction and analytical expression.
To
investigate the relationships using the method of comparing two parallel rows,
analytical method groups, method of correlation tables, method of sample means,
correlation analysis, regression analysis, index method and other.
To
gather information International Labor Statistics uses a statistical survey.
This method allows to obtain the necessary information on the developed
program.
After
receiving information is its control. International Labor Statistics uses the
following types of control: syntax, arithmetic, logic.
After
checking the quality of the resulting statistical information is a summary of
her group.
Summary
statistics is to obtain group and grand totals on program. For example, by country.
The
grouping is to divide the target population into homogeneous groups according
to the studied traits. Indicators can be both quantitative and qualitative.
The
method of comparing two parallel series is one of the simplest methods. This
factors are arranged in ascending or descending order. Тhen observe the change in the resultant variable.
Analysis arranged so that allows you to set the values of the
link and its destination.
The
relationship between the factors and indicators can be tracked over time.
The
method of sample means and the relative values of held to
disseminate the findings. Сonclusions reached by the sample data apply to the
general population.
The
method of average and relative quantities used to characterize the distribution
of interval time series.
In
international labor statistics are widely used index method. On the one hand,
it allows to study the dynamics of Labor Statistics, оn the other hand, the
index analysis allows to determine the quantitative effect of the factor on the
result.
In the
implementation of the classification of units together on several grounds
International Labor Statistics uses cluster analysis. This method allows you to
combine these units (countries or economic regions) in a relatively homogeneous
groups (clusters). Еach unit in the cluster has a performance close to the
group average.
A
special place in the labor statistics is the balance method. It gives the
opportunity to get milestones in between one-time survey. Balance method allows
you to associate the presence of the working population with its use and to
determine the excess or shortage of labor in the economy.
An
example of the use of statistical methods in the analysis of unemployment.
Here
are the following statistical calculations:
Ø absolute increase;
Ø growth rate;
Ø rate of increase.
Calculated
by the chain method.
Table 1.
Figure 1.
Literature:
1. Stat.kz – сайт Агентства Статистики Республики Казахстан
2. Елисеева И.И. Статистика: Учебник – М: Проспект, 2005.
– 443 с.
3. Курышева С.В.,
Кашина О.Н. Статистическое изучение занятости и безработицы: Текст лекций –
Издательство Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета экономики и
финансов, 1997. – 85 с.