Экономические науки/8. Математические методы в экономике

Serkebayeva L.T

A.Baitursynov Kostanai State University, Kazakhstan

Analysis of the level of poverty

(on materials Kostanai region)

In Kazakhstan, officially accepted method of measuring absolute poverty on the basis of cost of living.

In accordance with the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan living wage – is the required minimum cash income per person. The magnitude of it is equal to the minimum consumer basket. The cost of the minimum consumer basket includes the cost of the minimum food basket (70%) and the cost of non-food goods and services (30%). The cost of the minimum food basket is calculated monthly statistical authorities since: normal food consumption (20 products) multiplied by the average prices prevailing in the middle of the month [1].

A living wage is for:

· assessment of living standards and the definition of the poverty line;

· identify areas of social policy and the implementation of measures for the social support of the population;

· study established the minimum wage, pensions, allowances and other social benefits.

Indicators quantifying poverty:

· proportion of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum and the food basket;

· the depth and severity of poverty, the Gini coefficient, the differentiation of the population by income [2].

Poverty indicators in Kostanai region in 2006-2010 are presented in Tables 1-3

Table 1- The share of low-income population

Year	The share of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum	Proportion of population with income below the food basket
2006	14,0	2,7
2007	10,4	0,2
2008	9,0	0,8
2009	6,8	0,4
2010	6,4	0,5

Table 2 – Key indicators of poverty in urban and rural areas

Year	The percentage of poor		The depth of poverty		The severity of poverty
	in urban areas	in rural areas	in urban areas	in rural areas	in urban areas	in rural areas
2006	4,4	24,9	0,9	6,4	0,3	2,3
2007	4,1	15,8	0,6	2,1	0,1	0,5
2008	5,2	12,3	0,9	1,7	0,3	0,5
2009	3,3	9,7	0,5	1,9	0,1	0,5
2010	2,6	10,6	0,3	1,7	0,1	0,5

Table 3 – The share of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum, depending on the size of the family

Year	Total population with incomes below the subsistence minimum	the proportion of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum in households consisting of
		1 person	2 persons	3 persons	4 persons	5 or more persons
2006	100	0,2	9,0	8,2	27,9	54,7
2007	100	1	2,7	10,3	19,2	66,8
2008	100	0,4	4,9	6,1	22,8	65,8
2009	100	-	1,1	5,1	25,2	68,6
2010	100	-	3	7	26,5	63,5

We analyze the change in poverty rates in the Kostanai region. The share of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum in urban areas decreased by 40.9% in rural areas - by 57.4%. The depth of poverty in the urban area as a whole for the period under review decreased by 66.7% in rural by 73.4%.

Considering the continued growth in terms of "depth of poverty", you can see the hesitation in the middle of the period under review: the depth of poverty in urban areas in 2008 increased compared to 2007, while in rural areas there is a slight increase in 2009 compared to 2008.

The largest share of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum, accounts for households of five or more persons. Moreover, the basic rate of growth shows that the analyzed period the figure increases, the increase was 16.1%.

In general, revealed the dynamics of poverty in Kostanai region shows a positive trend.

Literature:

1. www.stat.kz - Агентство Республики Казахстан по статистике. Организация обследования и анализ уровня жизни населения в Казахстане.

2. Республика Казахстан: оценка системы адресной социальной помощи. Заключительный отчет. Достойный труд: комплексный подход к социальной сфере в Казахстане. Астана, 2003.Международное бюро труда, 2004.