Usachev V. A, Kalnina A. A
Donetsk National University of economics and trade
named after Michailo
Tugan-Baranovsky
THEATRE Kirill Razumovsky
At
present innovative changes in Ukraine urgent problem is the revival of
Ukrainian culture in which an important part is the theater. Trends in
Ukrainian theater exploring different scientists such as V. Zotov, J. Gorban,
M. Kordok and other semi.
The aim
is to study the characteristics of theater Kirill Razumovsky at the Deaf.
The
dramatic art of Ukraine dates back to ancient times, when it is manifested in
folk games, dances, songs and rituals. Since the XI century. Famous theatrical
jesters. In times of Kievan Rus elements of theater were in church ceremonies.
These are the frescoes of St. Sophia Cathedral in Kiev (XI cent.).
But by
the end of XVI - early XVII century. Ukraine in the theater was not as
developed as in Western Europe. After ryhorystychna Orthodox Church did not
allow those liberties in his obryadnosti that took place in the Latin Church
obryadnosti, thus there developed a church and then a secular theater.
Ukraine
has always been the preconditions for the emergence of an original theater for
the Ukrainian people from ancient times had their customs and rituals embryos
drama.
The
first samples of drama in XVI-XVII centuries. Century. Publicly pronounced by
students and Lavra Kyiv Brotherhood school . Important centers of religious
drama this time was also the Lviv Brotherhood School and Ostrog Academy.
In
XVII-XVIII centuries. Century. Gaining widespread Nativity - traveling puppet
theaters, performing Christmas drama, social and domestic interludes.
With
many historical sources that the old Deaf (now Sumy region), almost all of the
XVIII century. Left-bank Ukraine was the capital: first seat of the captains ,
and then (1722-1727 years) - the seat of the famous Little Russian Collegium .
Therefore,
in the capital Gluhove back in I half of XVIII century. Cossack elite to
organize cultural entertainment and recreation began to create their own small
acting troupe and orchestra instrumental music. However, the then Ivan
Skoropadsky Paul Polubotok and Danylo Apostol and senior representatives of the
Cossack in his activities mostly satisfied with what they heard Russian and
foreign artists who came to Glukhova. These are the records of the famous
memoirist of the time, master treasurers James Markovich, who was for 50 years
(1717-1767 years) his famous "Diary» - one of the most important and most
valuable historical sources.
The
most widely evolved musical and theatrical life in Ukraine since joining in
1750 as hetman Kirill Razumovsky. The new Hetman considerable time was at the
royal court in St. Petersburg and was accustomed to his regular feasts and
entertainments. Arriving in Glukhova , he decided to turn your yard into a
miniature copy of the royal court .
Old
Hetman Palace was for that uncomfortable in the picturesque suburb of ancient
Glukhova by the gate at the Fair spacious square, immediately began to build a
new palace in the style of Italian architecture. In 1751, he was ready, and
Hetman moved to it. The palace was given a separate room for theatrical
performances and banquets. For his theater Kirill Razumovsky brought from
Petersburg a troupe of foreign (mostly Italian) and Russian artists. But talented
local artists Hetman commonly attracted to work in the theater. This troupe
included such talented artists like Robert B., S. boiler revskyy, P. Marchenko,
V. Ivanov, K. Rogovskiy and others.
Permanent
Ukrainian theater in Deaf finally established in 1751. It was kind of
spectacular facility where near coexisted different genres: choir sang , were
soloists , played an instrumental band , read excerpts from literary works,
performed excerpts from ballets and so on.
A
particular success enjoyed performances of the choir , which at that time ruled
the court Kapellmeister Rahynskyy and Chaplain Cornelius hits. Theater Krill
Razumovsky was often the scene of the ballet performances. In particular, there
was a featured audience baletopera "Venus and Adonis" French composer
Henri Demare the poem by William Shakespeare.
Performances
by local artists in the theater were so successful that foreign actors are
sometimes forced to go home to Italy for Kirill Razumovsky not sees the need to
keep more of their Hlukhivsky Theater. At the same time there were occasionally
touring acting troupe.
Conclusions:
Thus, founded over a quarter century ago in Deaf theater in Ukraine was the
first permanent theater. Together with famous singers Hlukiv musical school, he
was an important center of musical and theatrical culture. Brought talented
artists here, "stars" Glukhovski Theater triumphantly performed on
the stages of many countries and brought to the masses Ukrainian art.