Authors:
1. Bashkirtseva Natalia Yu. - Doctor of
Engineering Science, Professor, Head of the Department of chemical technology
of oil and gas, Dean of the petroleum and petrochemistry faculty.
Phone number: +7 (987)
2908655
E-mail: bashkircevan@bk.ru
2. Zhuravleva Marina V. - Doctor of
Education, Associate Professor of Technology of basic organic and petrochemical
synthesis, Vice-dean for educational work, Assistant rector for educational
work.
Phone number: +7 (909)
3080559
e-mail:Guravleva0866@mail.ru
3. Zinnurova Olga V. – PhD, Associate Professor
of chemical engineering in oil and gas, a senior manager of Deanery of Faculty
of petroleum and petrochemictry, Vice-dean for career-oriented work.
Phone number: +7 (906)
3216628
E-mail: zinnurovaov@mail.ru
Federal State
Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Kazan National
Research Technological University"
Address: 68 Karl Marx
St., Kazan, 420015, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation
Petroleum and
petrochemistry faculty.
e-mail:
dekanat41@kstu.ru
Phone/Fax: +7 (843)
2314034, +7 (843) 2314123
Prof.N.Yu.
Bashkirtseva, Prof. M.V. Zhuravlyova, PhD O.V. Zinnurova
Federal
State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education
"Kazan
National Research Technological University"
THE
PROJECT-ACTIVITY APPROACH IN FUTURE ENGINEERS TRAINING FOR PETROCHEMICAL
COMPLEX
The
project-activity approach in professional training of future engineers enhances
student’s interests to the productive activities, level of their
professionalism, facilitates the recruitment process, provides businesses
demanded experts. Design features of project-activity training content of such
specialists for petrochemical enterprises are presented in this article.
Keywords: engineers activity, professionalism , educational process, project-activity
training, content of innovative
development project-activity training petrochemical complex
Under conditions of formation of new socio-economic
relations and transition to a post-industrial society, the change of role and
importance of engineering has allowed to define the basic requirements for an
engineer of the 21st century:
1)
a professional competence;
2)
a communicative willingness, a
developed ability for creativity in solving professional problems, an ability
to navigate in unusual circumstances and situations and to analyze problems,
challenges;
3)
an action plan development and a willingness to implement it;
4)
a sustainable conscious positive
attitude to this profession, a commitment to continuous personal and
professional development;
5)
a possession of modeling, forecasting and planning methods
in addition to methods of research and testing which are necessary to create
intellectual values and material goods;
6)
understanding of the trends and the
development of science and technology.
Knowledge of the requirements imposed on the labor
market to the level of professional training of engineers in the petrochemical
complex helps to develop and validate specific actions to improve the quality
of education. One is the project-activity education of students for specific
enterprises in the petrochemical complex.
The basic idea of the project-activity education is a
graduate who has mastered the knowledge and ways of activity. In this case a
student turns from passive consumer of knowledge to active subject of
educational activities. Because in its future career a specialist will always
face, adapt, participate and implement various types of innovations and focus
on the individual work with independent decision making.
The project-active education is aimed at the following
objectives: to form a specialist as a member of society; training of highly
qualified personnel; continuing professional readiness, motivation for
self-development and progress on the career ladder.
In order to prepare competitive engineers and to
ensure the production activities of the
planned “Ammonium” JSC and the going ”Mari refinery” LLC”, the project-activity
learning is organized in the direction of
240100.62 – «Chemical Technology» by the Faculty of petroleum and
petrochemical of the Kazan State Technological University. The key position of
the program is to combine the efforts of universities and enterprises when
making a list of the required professional skills of future engineers.
Innovative development of petrochemical plants
requires trained engineering staff with a high level of professionalism and
intellectual creativity that is able to quickly learn new technological
processes and production. It means staff is ready to work in the new industrial
area.
The essence of project-activity education of future
engineers for the petrochemical complex is to train engineers required for
enterprises to solve specific problems. A high level of professional training
helps to enter the production activity in the enterprise without the adaptation
period.
Designing project-active training of engineers for
petrochemical plants was based on such principles as systematic, continuity,
integration, interdisciplinary connections, correspondence and regionality.
The mechanism for implementing the project-activity
training of engineers includes several parts:
1)
Forming project teams from students
in association with companies;
2)
Development of individual training
plans;
3)
Educational planning of the
project-activity training considering a workload of students in the basic
educational program;
4)
Development of institutional
mechanisms of interaction between the university and the enterprises to
implement the project-activity training;
5)
Matching the content of training
with companies:
a)
identifying subjects and
organization forms of scientific research and development work carried out by
students;
b)
content definition and control of
all types of industrial practice by representatives of enterprises;
c)
attracting leading engineering
personnel in the educational process;
d)
formation criteria of quality of
professional training of engineers.
6)
Employment of graduates.
The educational process is built based on the level of
education and training of students from course to course. It’s a dynamic system
opened for change, transformation and continuous interaction of structural
components with each other. Patterns and trends in the development of
enterprises were taken into account when planning the content of the
project-activity training of engineers. Changes in the technical and social
progress, new technologies, production impact on the content and structure of
professional activity. Therefore, the leading rule in determining the selection
of the content of the project-activity training of engineers is to focus on
current and foreseeable needs of the individual, businesses, industry, region
and society in general.
Academic disciplines are focused on the ultimate goal
of the training of engineers - formation of specific skills and knowledge
relevant to future careers for maximum adaptation in this production. Each
subject serves not just as a separate section, but is organically linked to the
previous and subsequent material. For example an individual curriculum of the
project-activity education includes “The chemical industry in the region and
the resources base of the petrochemical complex” lectures helping the students
to form a complete knowledge of the natural resources of the region,
petrochemical complex, to form an idea of processes and interactions among
leading petrochemical enterprises. This allows solving problems related to the
supply of raw materials and the search for possible ways to replace. Self-study
involves the study of additional literature, periodicals such as "Actual
problems of petrochemical", "Chemistry and Life - XXI century",
"Refining and Chemicals" and other for writing essays on different
topics such as "State and prospects of oil and gas in RT", "Gas
Processing Company as suppliers of raw materials for petrochemical
plants," "Methods of preparation and processing of oil depending on
the hydrocarbon composition," "Natural bitumen as sources of raw materials
for the petrochemical industry", "Associated gas as the main source
raw materials for the chemical industries” and so on.
Introduction to the curriculum the
"Logistics" course is connected with the need for good knowledge of
how to manage raw, goods and money flows in the production. The basis of the
theoretical material is a production logistics in the petrochemical industry.
It means studying of the organization and management of material flows, a
production planning in the petrochemical industry and in the system of a single
enterprise. It is necessary that the expert was able to determine the need for
different types of resources, anticipate production costs and the expected
economic impact of the enterprise, know such concepts as logistics systems,
link of the logistics system, logistics chain, logistics channel, logistics
costs and etc. Practical exercises involve the tasks of forecasting supply and
demand for commodity products (ammonia, methanol, carbamide, ammonium nitrate),
planning and inventory of raw materials, management of transport processes.
Self-study involves the preparation of reports on the subject of discipline.
The purpose of “Organization, technology, equipment
and ISC of the “Ammonium” JSC” and the ”Mari refinery” LLC”” discipline is to
form a comprehensive picture of the manufacturing process and it contains four
blocks.
The first unit called “Technology of production of
“Ammonium” JSC, ”Mari refinery” LLC” reflects the theoretical aspects of the
technology of ammonium nitrate, ammonia, carbamide, methanol, urea-formaldehyde
concentrate, which form the basis of the process of the enterprise.
The second unit called “The equipment of “Ammonium”
JSC and ”Mari refinery” LLC” is devoted to the issues of hardware design
process involving the use of petrochemical units, both domestic and foreign.
The study of automatic control systems and process
control to ensure compliance with the norms of the technology is provided by
the third unit of discipline – “ICSs of “Ammonium” JSC and ”Mari refinery”
LLC”.
General issues related to the functioning of the main
production, study of plant facilities, auxiliary facilities, management
structure units of the company are reflected in the unit “Production
organization of “Ammonium” JSC and ”Mari refinery” LLC”. Students study additional
literature and perform essays on topics defining the specific production, for
example: syntheses based on ammonia; especially ammonia production; review of
nitrogen fertilizer that exist in the world; the demand for nitrogen
fertilizers.
A detailed study of dangerous factors of production in
the “Procedure safety of “Ammonium” JSC and ”Mari refinery” LLC” discipline can
prevent emergency situations. The study of national and international
experience of design and construction of petrochemical enterprises provides
awareness of improving emergency stability of petrochemical plants, ways to
reduce pollution and the best options for the allocation of financial
resources.
The “3D Modeling” course provides a basic
understanding of modern methods of design processes in the chemical and
petrochemical industry. Practical work with 3D-graphics helps to visually
evaluate the detailed modeling of equipment, arrangement of equipment in the
field, equipment binding by industrial pipelines, regulating fittings, metal structures,
convenience and reliability of joints.
Work in project teams focused on solving scientific
and industrial problems of enterprises. The main criteria for the formation of
students project groups were awareness of career choices, the willingness to
work in production, good performance, mobility, communication, self-confidence.
The main form of educational work in project groups is
collective cognitive activities. Individual efforts of each person are combined
and are directed to solution of the general cognitive tasks increasing the
capabilities of each student. The results of joint scientific research,
production work are submitted by students in the form of course and diploma
projects.
Thus the project-activity training of engineers for
petrochemical complex allows to implement competence-based approach in
education, which provides a high level of professionalism of the students and
the ability to multi-disciplinary innovation. There’s an increased interest in
industrial activity in the enterprise among students. Besides a period of
vocational adjustment in production is reduced, the company is ensured by
demand specialists.
References
1.
Gurie L.I., Kirsanov A.A.,
Kondratiev V.V., Yarmakeev I.E.// Integrative framework of innovative
educational process in high professional school: monograph / Ed. by Kondratiev
V.V. Moscow: Vinity, 2006. – P. 288.
2.
Kirsanov A.A., Kochnev A.M. //
Integrative framework of wide-profile training in technical universities /
Kazan: publishing house “ÀÁÀÊ”, 1999. P. 290.
3.
Official site of Heriot-Watt
University, Scotland - Access: http: // www.pet.hw.ac.uk, a general description of the program http://www.postgraduate.hw.ac.uk/courses/view/229/.
4.
Official site of Newcastle
University, UK - Access: http: // www.ncl.ac/uk, Official master's study program in the field of petroleum geochemistry
http://www.ncl.ac.uk/regulations/programme/2010-2011/civg.php, a general description of the program http://www.ncl.ac.uk/postgraduate/taught/subjects/geochemistry/courses/96,