Karmanova Zh.A. Satybaldina R.
B., Sharzadin A.M.
The Karaganda state university
of academician E.A.Buketova, Karaganda
Need of development of theoretical
and organizational and methodical aspects of system of health saving training
of school students
Need of development
of theoretical and organizational and methodical aspects of system of health
saving training of younger school students is predetermined by a number of
contradictions between:
• needs of school
for need of change of approach to formation of a healthy lifestyle of children;
• the importance
which has increased in modern conditions of preservation and strengthening of a
state of health of pupils and low level of the solution of problems of the
improving, zdravotvorchesky direction in an education system;
• declaration of
health saving training as one of the priority directions of educational process
and insufficient use of potential educational organizations [1].
The revealed
contradictions allowed to define a problem of the real research what actions of
health saving training of younger school students at which at children
knowledge of means and ways of preservation and health strengthening will be
purposefully formed?
Objective living
conditions and need following from them for multidimensional internal and
external changes testify to the ripened need of strategic changes for the
organization of teaching and educational process for elementary school at which
at children knowledge of means and ways of improvement of health will be
purposefully formed.
In the
circumstances there is a need of association of teachers, medical workers,
psychologists for the purpose of creation of system of psikhologo-pedagogical,
medical care. Physical and mental development of the child have to be
recognized as the priority.
Inevitable
complication of the content of education is now serious risk factor for health
of school students. We investigate questions of strategic changes in the
organization of teaching and educational process at elementary school at which
at children knowledge of means and ways of improvement of health will be
purposefully formed. However for the solution of this problem it isn't enough
one theoretical knowledge: formation at younger school students of practical
abilities for a conscious choice and use by them of various means, methods,
receptions in specific conditions is necessary.
Relevance
of this research is caused by need of the person, society and the state for
health saving education. Many years of people spends in the educational organizations
and therefore the valuable relation to health can't be formed without
participation of teachers. Long time our education didn't pay due attention to
preservation, strengthening and health development, left from estimates of
influence of pedagogical process on a mental condition of trainees, didn't
consider educational technologies from the point of view of a health saving
orientation. At the best everything was reduced to sporting events and
improving rest during vacation [2].
In
the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in the Law "About Health
Protection of Citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan", in annual Messages
of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N.A.Nazarbayev importance of the
solution of the tasks connected with preservation of health of citizens of
Kazakhstan, which realization, undoubtedly is emphasized, has to begin with
school. Therefore problems of health of pupils in a context of quality
management of education rise in a number of normative and conceptual documents
(The law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "About education", the Concept
of formation of the Republic of Kazakhstan till 2015, the Concept of arts
education in the Republic of Kazakhstan, Concepts of the 12-year secondary
general education in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Provision on high
comprehensive school of the Republic of Kazakhstan, etc.). So in the Concept of
formation of the Republic of Kazakhstan till 2015, the attention to need
"… carrying out optimization of academic, psychological and physical activity
of pupils and creation in the educational organizations of conditions for
preservation and strengthening of health being trained, including for the
account is focused:
a)
real unloading of the maintenance of the general education;
b)
uses of effective methods of training;
c)
increases of specific weight and quality of occupations by physical culture;
d)
organizations of monitoring of a state of health of children and youth;
e)
improvements of catering services of pupils in the educational organizations;
e)
rationalization of leisure activity, vacation time and summer holiday of
children and youth;
g)
promotion of a healthy lifestyle [3].
At
the same time, in pedagogical science and practice it isn't paid sufficient
attention to promotion of a healthy lifestyle and a problem of formation of
health saving educational space in the conditions of high comprehensive school.
This conclusion is confirmed by researches of a state of health of children at
modern high comprehensive school in which it is noted that the tendency of
increase in number of children experiencing resistant difficulties in training,
connected with deterioration their physical and mental health in recent years
is revealed. It is caused by a number of factors among which scientists note:
•
deterioration of an ecological situation in the country and in the world,
connected with the technical progress which is negatively reflecting in human
health, especially children;
•
decrease in attention of society to preservation of health of younger generation;
•
gap between generations in acceptance of spiritual and moral values, in denial
of national traditions and customs, in insufficient following to the principle
of nature conformity in education and training;
•
use of the technologies directed on achievement of good results of training,
but pupils not fully considering psychophysiological opportunities.
The
analysis of the reasons of growth of incidence of children of school age, led
to the conclusion that pedagogical process of school not fully meets the
requirements of the health saving principle of training and education which is
shown in:
•
discrepancy of used pedagogical techniques and technologies of training and
education to psychophysiological and age opportunities of school students;
•
inadequacy of conditions of teaching and educational process of school to
sanitary and hygienic requirements;
•
lack of system work on formation of the valuable relation to health;
•
decrease in medical control of a state of health of school students;
•
imbalance of a food of school students;
•
insufficient development of level of culture of a family in questions of
preservation of health;
•
absence of psychological comfort at lessons [4].
One
of ways of overcoming of the above-named and other reasons of deterioration of
a condition of physical, mental and spiritual health of school students is, in
our opinion, formation of health saving educational space of the school,
connected with updating of the maintenance of the general secondary education
and the relevant organization of activity of subjects of this process.
Studying
and the analysis of scientific literature testifies to existence of the
teoretiko-methodological sources promoting the solution of a studied problem.
Theoretical
bases of health saving approach to design of the content of education are
developed in Smirnov, L.M.Kuznetsova, T.V.Akhutina, V.I.Kovalenko's researches
and others [5-8].
The
analysis of a condition of a studied problem in the pedagogical theory and
practice we allocated the following contradictions: between needs of society
for the healthy, educated citizens capable effectively to master modern high
technologies and insufficient formation of health saving educational space in
the conditions of high comprehensive school which would provide such
preparation of the majority of school students; between need of formation of
health saving educational space in the conditions of high comprehensive school
and its insufficient readiness in the theory and practice of the general
secondary education of system of pedagogical conditions of its formation.
Permission
of these contradictions defined a choice of a subject of the research
"Organizational and Pedagogical Conditions of Preservation of Health of
Pupils in the General Education Organization".
Theoretically to prove the purpose and experimentally to check efficiency
of the offered organizational and pedagogical conditions of preservation of
health of pupils in the general education organization.
Object
of research – training and education process at elementary school.
Object
of research – organizational and pedagogical conditions of preservation of
health of pupils in the general education organization.
Research
hypothesis: if in educational process of school to create effective
organizational and pedagogical conditions of preservation of health of pupils,
it will affect as a whole progress and health of pupils as the general tone of
a condition of their health will raise.
The
purpose and hypothesis of research defined the following tasks:
1.
To consider modern approaches to preservation and formation of health going to
school.
2.
To analyse the principles of preservation of health of school students at
comprehensive school.
3.
To define organizational and pedagogical conditions of realization of
zdorovsberegayushchy training of school students.
4.
Experimentally to check a research hypothesis.
Research
methods: the theoretical analysis of available literature on a research
problem, synthesis of the best pedagogical practices, supervision, conversation,
methods of mathematical data processing of research.
Methodological
and theoretical basis of research are the theory of the personality, the
development theory, psikhologo-pedagogical researches on a problem.
Sources
of research are works of teachers, psychologists on a studied problem,
normative documents of RK.
The
theoretical importance of research consists in identification of pedagogical
bases of creation of the health saving environment of the general education
organizations (the purpose, functions, the contents, forms, methods, means,
criteria).
The
practical importance of research consists in creation of organizational and
pedagogical conditions of realization of zdorovsberegayushchy training of
school students.
Base
of research: gymnasium No. 9 of the city of Karaganda.
Results
of the master thesis will be published in materials of the subsequent
conferences.
Literature:
1
Antropov M. V. Day regimen, working capacity and state of health of school
students. - M: 1974 . - 136 pages.
2
Ziganshina of Century. And. Educational activities for formation of health
saving space//Secondary professional education (appendix). - 2003 . - No. 1. -
With 41 - 44.
3
State general education standard of the 12-year secondary general education of
the Republic of Kazakhstan. - 2006 . - No. 3. - With 25 - 71.
4
Zheltukhina E.L. Health: Activity of a health service at the school promoting
health. - M: Education and health. 2003 . - 48 pages.
5
Smirnov N. K. Health saving educational technologies at modern school - M:
Agrarian and industrial complex and missile defense, 2002. - 116 with.
6
Kuznetsova L.M. Health saving technologies//Methodologist. - 2003 . - No. 4. -
From 42-45.
7
Akhutina T.V. Health saving technologies of training: Individual the focused
approach. Health school. - 2000 . - From 21-28.
8
Kovalko V. I. Health saving technologies at elementary school. - 1-4 classes. -
M: "VAKO", 2004. - 296 pages.