Nechitailo N.V., master of natural sciences

A. Baytursynov Kostanay State University, Kazakhstan

The role of information technology in the improvement of the management

The computer is considered one of the greatest achievements of modern civilization. After walking for a few decades, the way of design, which occupies several rooms and consuming an appropriate amount of power to several blocks, placed freely on your desktop computer into a true helper of millions of people in work and rest .The rapid development of computer technology has led to a lasting entry of computers into life and human activities. With the advent of new, more modern and faster computers, more increases in application. Using the computer as an aid greatly changed many professions person. The enormous increase in information flows at the end of XX century has led to the fact that the success of any business is highly dependent on the ability of its managers in time to receive and process the necessary information quickly. [1] The introduction of computers, computer systems and automation in various areas of production, primarily in economics, management and record keeping, allows to handle large volumes of data. Clarity and completeness of the large amount of information on the screen makes access easier its perception, rapid analysis. Even today in the world there are millions of personal computers. Their popularity stems from the fact that they are easy to use, low power consumption, highly reliable performance. This contributes to increasing spread of computers in various fields of human activity. The development of computer technology allows you to build a new type of system , characterized by , on the one hand, a variety of display products , on the other - the integration of these funds , and to maximize the user experience , with no special training. Another advantage of the personal computers is their small size, which allows placing the machine on such workstations. Establishment of communication between the ARM using LAN provides:- Quick access to any information ;- Analysis of the production process and timely decision -making in case of failures in the production process;- Monitoring the execution of administrative decisions. Itself, however, the installation of modern technical devices in the workplace does not mean increasing the efficiency of production processes. Development and application of appropriate software for these devices can contribute to the successful solution of complex scientific and engineering problems. The software package includes both universal and programs aimed at solving specific problems. There are three main classes of software: applications and software packages, instrument systems programming, operating systems .Application software to make your computer a convenient way to perform various tasks. The software should provide a solution to the necessary production tasks to be easy to train users to use the computer as soon as possible , easy to use by users, as well as meet all the requirements for safe storage of information and easy access to the necessary data .The main sources of economic efficiency in the implementation of the computer are :- Increase in productivity due to reduced loss of working time;- Improving the scientific and technological level of the management and training;- Increasing the level of implementation of the software (software ). [2] In addition to saving time, there are many opportunities to improve the quality of the work. The improvement in quality is directly related to four key factors:

1. Direct timely access to information resources, implemented with ARM to internal and external databases.

2. Effective coordination with systems and voice mail systems.

3. Communicate more effectively with people through the use of informative and illustrative documents, as well as high-speed messaging systems.

4. Allocation of the necessary time for such high-yield activities like analysis that contribute to the greatest extent the performance of the enterprise functions.

The application of information technology has a number of advantages: First, it is more widely disseminated. A large number of people can be connected to a digital network and can use services such as telemarketing, game shows, and teleconferences. Second, the simplicity of use of IT. And finally, the most important benefit - reduction of prices due to the fact that the unit costs for information technology significantly lower unit costs by using traditional methods. In connection with the implementation of IT within companies redistribution, elimination phases associated with additional costs, changes the structure of enterprises, eliminated the individual links. The use of integrated systems, of course, leads to a significant reduction in the administrative apparatus, particularly its middle managers. In addition , the introduction of IT entails a change in the organizational structure of firms. Easier communication and more extensive monitoring capabilities provide extremely high efficiency of the use of electronic information exchange systems. [3]

In the case of a single-user database systems compared to traditional paper-based method of maintenance records are very obvious advantages.

- Compact. No need for a multi-volume paper archives.

- Speed. The computer can search and edit data much faster than a human. In particular, the special issues that arise in the course of work, we can get an answer quickly, without spending time on visual search.

- Low labor costs. No need for tedious manual work on a filing cabinet. Mechanical operation of the machine, always perform faster.

- Applicability. These benefits become even more important in multi-user environment where the database is probably larger and more complex single-player. In addition, the multi-user environment has an additional advantage: the database system provides centralized management of enterprise data to it. If the company does not use a database system, then for each individual application creates its files, usually placed on separate tapes or disks, resulting in the data is fragmented. Systematically manage such data very difficult.

The advantages of using a database associated with centralized control:

- Reduction of redundancy. In systems that do not use a database, each application has its own files. This leads to the redundancy of data stored, and therefore wasteful to memory. For example, as the application associated with the personnel and the application associated with the training of employees, may have its own file with information about departmental employees.

- Removing inconsistencies. In fact, this is a consequence of the preceding paragraph. Indeed, if redundancy is not controlled, then at some point , a situation in which two entries in different applications will not be reconciled, namely one of them is changed , and the other - no.

- Sharing data. Summary data access means enabling access to the multiple application databases and develops new applications to work with the same data, and thus there is no need to create new data.

- Compliance with standards. Centralized management can ensure that the data specified in the standards. Standards may be corporate, installation, department, national and international.

- Introduction of restrictions for safety. Due to the complete control over the database administrator can provide access to the database through certain channels, and can therefore determine the safety rules that will be checked when trying to access sensitive data. However, it should be noted that in the absence of such rules, data security is more at risk than usual (fragmented) file system, i.e. the centralized nature of the system in a database requires a good sense of security.

- Ensuring the integrity of data. The task is to ensure the integrity of the correctness and accuracy of the data in the database. The administrator defines integrity rules that apply in any attempt to do any update operation. Ability to balance conflicting demands. Knowing the general requirements of the enterprise, the administrator can structure the database so that the service overall was best for the company. [1, 3]

Literature:

1. Drozdov EA, VA Komarnicki, Pyatibratov AP Electronic computers Unified. - 2nd ed. Mashinostroyeniye 2005. - 250.

2. Kagan BM Electronic machines and systems: the manual. - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. , Energoatomizdat, 1997. - 350.

3. Kleinrock L. Computing with queues: Trans. from English. Springer-Verlag, 2007. - 420.