Nechitailo N.V., master of natural sciences
A. Baytursynov Kostanay State University, Kazakhstan
The study of the principles
and methods of construction of information technology systems
More
and more popularity in our world acquire telecommunications. Modern man, which
is part of the industrial society, cannot imagine their life without a mobile
phone, Internet or television. Infrastructure providing the processes of
transfer of this vast amount of information is growing every year.
Apart
from the fact that volumes of traffic in the year increased due to the growth
of end-users of services of communication operators themselves warm up the
market by offering new services. The use of these services entails an even
greater increase of the transmitted information [1].
Any
economist would say that the competition is exacerbated when the market is
saturated and divided between the main players. It was then that market players
are beginning to lure customers by improving the quality of services and
expansion of basic sets of services with additional features. However, in the
sphere of telecommunications, the situation is different. Already now end users
understood what level of communication and services they need. Naturally,
improvement of communication quality leads to increase of volumes of transit of
information, because at the moment, despite the abundance of all kinds of
technologies, improvement of the quality of connection is made with the help of
reducing compression of signals [2].
The
speed and quality of construction of new networks and modernization of existing
infrastructure are priority tasks for the major players of this market. The
acceleration design and construction of new networks, modernization of the
existing infrastructure, improving the quality of service networks is a top
priority for most companies. To solve these problems need a tool that can work
with large amounts of regionally distributed heterogeneous data, is flexible
and scalable to meet the needs of both local and interregional level. Classic
examples of solving the current tasks are different modular solution for the
class of operations support systems (OSS). On their basis are created complex
information systems, which main task is to manage existing networks.
Information and telecommunication systems (its) - a complex of
software-hardware tools used for solving tasks of design, construction,
monitoring and operation of telecommunication infrastructure of the Telco. As
the pace of development of telecommunication technologies are great, and also
due to the fact that the industry is young, the introduction of elements of ETS
chaotic. Communications companies prefer to incorporate individual modules to
solve current problems. As a result of the operator does not receive a complete
system, a set of separate modules, not interacting with each other.
Also,
most of these decisions are not taken into account such important for
telecommunication networks factor, as the regional distribution network
elements. Therefore, of particular interest for research are systems based on
information technology. A similar approach has gained popularity due to the
fact that material information and telecommunication systems are data on
objects with the spatial reference and a large number of attribute information,
their characterizing [3].
An
important step towards the creation of a functioning telecommunications network
is the engineering design. In the case of mobile telephony is the planned
location of antennas and transponders. In the case of fixed communications -
determination of the optimal route the cable and the switching points. This
takes into account:
-
Terrain objects and their location;
-
Type of vegetation and soil;
-
Roughness of the relief;
-
Location of streets, roads and Railways, various underground communications
etc.
Any
modern building whether it is an office or a shop, school or residential house,
needs in a modern set of network communications. Now there is a territory where
provided with gas and water supply. But in the modern world live without
electricity, Internet connection, city phone line is almost impossible
difficult, or rather impossible. Telecommunication cable network and is one
name for all this abundance of wires and cables [2].
Design
of structured cable networks (in our case is a telecommunication cable network)
is the first step towards implementation of all necessary cable networks in
your premises. With this step starts any organizational stages of the
construction of any network, whether local network in a small office or the
global network of a huge factory. The project should hold all the future needs
of the building in relation to the structured cable networks. Therefore, the
design of SCS is to trust the professionals with experience who can see as
reasonable and in the best way to build a network for your accommodations.
Otherwise you might face in the future with undesirable problems. The network
must be robust, safe, properly laid, and most importantly fully perform all the
obligations which it lay.
Stages
of designing telecommunications network [3]:
Survey
work (study of an object, the first sketches of the project)
-
Coordination of technical specifications with the customer (TK)
-
Development of design solutions for the system and its parts
-
Designing technical structure of the network
-
Development of the explanatory note to the draft
-
Development of working documentation.
Literature:
1. Chitayev
I.V., Methods and algorithms of automated design of wire telecommunication
networks is the minimum value // Editorial-publishing center ÐÃÐÒÓ, 2006,
-16s.
2. Zhilkina
N. Management of operation of operators // M: «LAN» ¹8, Ed. «Open systems»,
2004
3.
Ecoinformatics. Theory. Practice. Methods and systems // Ed. by V.E. Sokolov,
SPb.: Gidrometizdat, 1992. -520 C.