Nechitailo N.V., master of natural sciences

A. Baytursynov Kostanay State University, Kazakhstan

The study of the principles and methods of construction of information technology systems

More and more popularity in our world acquire telecommunications. Modern man, which is part of the industrial society, cannot imagine their life without a mobile phone, Internet or television. Infrastructure providing the processes of transfer of this vast amount of information is growing every year.

Apart from the fact that volumes of traffic in the year increased due to the growth of end-users of services of communication operators themselves warm up the market by offering new services. The use of these services entails an even greater increase of the transmitted information [1].

Any economist would say that the competition is exacerbated when the market is saturated and divided between the main players. It was then that market players are beginning to lure customers by improving the quality of services and expansion of basic sets of services with additional features. However, in the sphere of telecommunications, the situation is different. Already now end users understood what level of communication and services they need. Naturally, improvement of communication quality leads to increase of volumes of transit of information, because at the moment, despite the abundance of all kinds of technologies, improvement of the quality of connection is made with the help of reducing compression of signals [2].

The speed and quality of construction of new networks and modernization of existing infrastructure are priority tasks for the major players of this market. The acceleration design and construction of new networks, modernization of the existing infrastructure, improving the quality of service networks is a top priority for most companies. To solve these problems need a tool that can work with large amounts of regionally distributed heterogeneous data, is flexible and scalable to meet the needs of both local and interregional level. Classic examples of solving the current tasks are different modular solution for the class of operations support systems (OSS). On their basis are created complex information systems, which main task is to manage existing networks. Information and telecommunication systems (its) - a complex of software-hardware tools used for solving tasks of design, construction, monitoring and operation of telecommunication infrastructure of the Telco. As the pace of development of telecommunication technologies are great, and also due to the fact that the industry is young, the introduction of elements of ETS chaotic. Communications companies prefer to incorporate individual modules to solve current problems. As a result of the operator does not receive a complete system, a set of separate modules, not interacting with each other.

Also, most of these decisions are not taken into account such important for telecommunication networks factor, as the regional distribution network elements. Therefore, of particular interest for research are systems based on information technology. A similar approach has gained popularity due to the fact that material information and telecommunication systems are data on objects with the spatial reference and a large number of attribute information, their characterizing [3].

An important step towards the creation of a functioning telecommunications network is the engineering design. In the case of mobile telephony is the planned location of antennas and transponders. In the case of fixed communications - determination of the optimal route the cable and the switching points. This takes into account:

- Terrain objects and their location;

- Type of vegetation and soil;

- Roughness of the relief;

- Location of streets, roads and Railways, various underground communications etc.

Any modern building whether it is an office or a shop, school or residential house, needs in a modern set of network communications. Now there is a territory where provided with gas and water supply. But in the modern world live without electricity, Internet connection, city phone line is almost impossible difficult, or rather impossible. Telecommunication cable network and is one name for all this abundance of wires and cables [2].

Design of structured cable networks (in our case is a telecommunication cable network) is the first step towards implementation of all necessary cable networks in your premises. With this step starts any organizational stages of the construction of any network, whether local network in a small office or the global network of a huge factory. The project should hold all the future needs of the building in relation to the structured cable networks. Therefore, the design of SCS is to trust the professionals with experience who can see as reasonable and in the best way to build a network for your accommodations. Otherwise you might face in the future with undesirable problems. The network must be robust, safe, properly laid, and most importantly fully perform all the obligations which it lay.

Stages of designing telecommunications network [3]:

Survey work (study of an object, the first sketches of the project)

- Coordination of technical specifications with the customer (TK)

- Development of design solutions for the system and its parts

- Designing technical structure of the network

- Development of the explanatory note to the draft

- Development of working documentation.

Literature:

1. Chitayev I.V., Methods and algorithms of automated design of wire telecommunication networks is the minimum value // Editorial-publishing center РГРТУ, 2006, -16s.

2. Zhilkina N. Management of operation of operators // M: «LAN» №8, Ed. «Open systems», 2004

3. Ecoinformatics. Theory. Practice. Methods and systems // Ed. by V.E. Sokolov, SPb.: Gidrometizdat, 1992. -520 C.