Candidate Amirov A.Zh.

D.t.s. Beisenbi M.A.

Bachelor of computer science Sergeyeva A.O.

Karaganda state technical university

 

Economic parameters of mining-and-metallurgical cluster of central Kazakhstan and their characteristics analysis

 

A strategic aim of the social-and-economical development of the Republic of Kazakhstan is its entering the number of 500 most competitive countries of the world. The base of the RK competitiveness at the world and inner market accounting vast territories and large population is the cluster system which permits to concentrate and realize efficiently all the competitive advantages.

Cluster is a network industrial group of close, interconnected geographically companies and associated organizations, acting jointly in a certain type of business and characterized by the common lines of activities and interrelations with each other [1]. 

The base of fixing positive results achieved by Kazakhstan and further economic development there must become a support on cluster structures which ensure competitiveness of modern countries in the world economic space. The base of such structures is a network of economic subjects which, cooperating and at the same time competing with each other work on the base of innovation-and-information technologies [2], use labor force with modern skills and competences, function in the conditions of the developed transport communication system, have modern channels of distribution, control their market positions at inner and outer markets.

Historically formed industrial specialization of a number of Kazakhstan regions the shaped preconditions of forming a competitive advantage in the world labor division. It is represented in the global economics by ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy [2]. Thanks to the obviously expressed specialization which was sometimes criticized as a structural disproportion, this or that region concentrates efforts on the output of a certain spectrum of products.    

In 1999 to 2006 in economics of the Karaganda region the share of metallurgical complex in industrial production volume  was 78,9%. The principal economic subjects of this sector of industry are such large companies as  JSC “Arcelor Steel Temirtau” (ferrous metallurgy, main production in Temirtau) and LLC “Kazakhmys Corporation” (production of non-ferrous metals, main production in Zhezkazgan and Balkhash). Within 11 months these corporations are actively forming vertical technological complexes, buying as the property power producing, coal mining and other, mainly connected technologically industrial objects.

One of the criteria of the cluster growing in economy and in practice is the growth of the number of employees in this business structure. To mark out a common tendency of the development there was built a trend which smoothed out the difference between the values and reflects more obviously the development tendencies (Figure 1).

Figure 1 – Dynamics of the number of employees in the

           mining-and-metallurgical cluster, persons

As you see, the demand for the labor force is beginning to fall in the period from September of 2008. In November 2008 there is necessary to dismiss 20% of workers.

According to the 11-th degree polynomial obtained: y = -3.93*10-9*x11 - 8.24*10-7*x10 + 7.45*10-5*x9 - 3.79*10-3*x8 + 0.12*x7 - 2.41*x6 + 31.2*x5 – 253.42*x4 + 1237.18*x3 – 3430.18*x2 + 5248.90*x + 130136.94 – and existing statistical data, by the expert commission of the Research Institute of regional development there was made a forecast describing the dynamics of the number of the mining-and-metallurgical cluster employees (Figure 2).

In the forecast made it’s obvious that till the end of 2009 there will take place workers discharges.

Only from the beginning of 2010 there will take place a gradual leaving the crisis, the number of employees in the mining-and-metallurgical cluster will increase.

In spite of the demand decreasing for the labor force and workers discharges, the demand for highly qualified personnel is about 300 persons. It is one of the main problems of enterprises which are in the structure of the mining-and-metallurgical cluster. Personnel deficit in working specialties is explained by the reasons:

-             Lack of professional technical schools (PTS) specialized in training necessary specialists (6 in the Karaganda region);

-             Obsolete material technical base of PTS;

-             Non-prestige state of working specialties among entering students.

The structure of the presented necessity is shown in Figure 3.

In Figurer 4 there is presented the dynamics of changing an average month nominal salary of workers at large and middle, as well as small enterprises of mining industry of the cluster which do not exercise entrepreneur activity, in the period from 2006 till 2008. As it is seen from the graph, from September 2008 the level of the average nominal salary is beginning to decrease.

 

Figure 2 – Forecast of the dymanics of the employees number

           in he mining-and-metallurgical cluster, persons

 

 

Figure 3 – Structure of the demand for personnel in terms

of working specialties, %

 

The expert commission also made a forecast describing the dynamics of changing the average month nominal salary of workers at large and middle, as well as small enterprises of mining industry of the cluster which do not exercise entrepreneur activity (Figure 5).

A stable growing of the average month nominal salary till August 2008 is observed at large and middle as well as small enterprises of processing industry which do not exercise entrepreneur activity (Figure 6). The highest level of such a salary was 76494 tenges in February 2008.

As in mining industry, to obtain the coefficients of the polynomial for the dynamics of the workers’ month average nominal salary changing at large, middle and small enterprises of  processing industry which do not exercise entrepreneur activity, there was used the method of the least squares.

The 11-th degree polynomial describing the dynamics of the workers’ month average nominal salary changing at large, middle and small enterprises of  processing industry which do not exercise entrepreneur activity (Figure 7) has the form: y = 2.56*10-9*x11 - 4.79*10-7*x10 + 3.74*10-5*x9 - 1.56*10-3*x8 + 3.67*10-2*x7 – 4.36*x6*10-1 + 9.33*10-1*x5 + 37.95*x4 - 446.60*x3 + 2113.61*x2 - 3949.83*x + 40936.61.

Figure 4  – Dynamics of changing the average month nominal salary of  workers at large and middle, as well as small enterprises of mining industry of the cluster which do not exercise entrepreneur activity, tenges

Figure 5 – Forecast of the dynamics of changing the average month nominal salary of  workers at large and middle, as well as small enterprises of mining industry of the cluster which do not exercise entrepreneur activity, tenges

 

Figure 6 – Dynamics of changing the average month nominal salary of  workers at large and middle, as well as small enterprises of processing industry of the cluster which do not exercise entrepreneur activity, tenges

 

Figure 7 – Forecast of the dynamics of changing the average month nominal salary of  workers at large and middle, as well as small enterprises of mining industry of the cluster which do not exercise entrepreneur activity, tenges

 

 

On the whole, there can be made the following conclusions:

1.                      The number of employees in the cluster, beginning with September 2008 decreases sharply which testifies that the cluster has been subjected to the world economic crisis as an integral part of the world market of mining and metallurgical industry.

2.                      According to forecasts, made up by the expert commission of the Research Institute of regional development,  based on statistical data, the growth of the number of employees in mining-and-metallurgical cluster will begin not earlier than in February 2010.

3.                      Today the demand for highly qualified working personnel, in spite of the wave of dismissing, is about 300 persons. In the terms of the branches the greatest deficit is observed in the mining branch (54%) of the total demand, 37% - in machine building, 8%  - in construction and 2% - in metallurgy.

4.                      In the connection with the world economic crisis, the level of workers’ month average nominal salaryin processing and mining industry decreased about 30%.

5.                       On the whole, judging by the number of employees and the month average salary and the expert commission forecasts, it can be concluded that the mining-and-metallurgical cluster in in crisis and, according to forecasts, will leave it not earlier than in January-February 2010.

 

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