Zhamalov Azhmukan, Kunelbayev Murat, Baikadamova Laura

Kazakh government women pedagogical university

Kazakh automobile road institute

The energetically balance solar collectors

in the Kazakhstan

For calculation energetically balance solar system necessary, to have facts, charactering intensive directions and drive a way solar radiation a fall in transparent surface wireless.

The solar radiation intensive in surface wireless a change in broad limit in dependence by height stand solar and corner a fall solar rays, transparent atmosphere, moisture air.

By cloudy, if she is not unbroken, a chafe, solar system bleak out, when a wall only drive away, then rays, then she is not a fall solar radiation all rays.

Such periodical weaken one can examine, as regular but reduce proportional cloudy and general quantity radiation, a faller and adsorbing grasp rays fully system a time to be:

(1.1)

when n- cloudy, , coefficient absorbing falling surface ( , water steams; air; reflect earth surface; straight solar radiations; rays earth surface; radiations; solar radiation cloudy sky; atmosphere rays in direct earth surface ; :

The earth rays one can a count enough bleak and calculation in formula:

when – temperature surrounding air:

The average meaning intensive drive radiations, if neglect dependence from after factors, but highly solar:

(1.2)

The intensive driving radiations sky ling cloud dependence from sky ling characters. By calculate must be to use experimental facts also approach facts

(1.3)

The Ongstrem formulas for integral atmosphere rays in direct earth surface

(1.4)

By Buger formula she intensive straight solar radiations, when P-coefficient atmosphere for Republic Kazakhstan must be take 0,75

(1.5)

The atmosphere mass must be calculating in famous formulas:

m=

when j-refraction, H-pressure and temperature. If a put in earth a level H= =760 mm mercury.

Q= 1,9 kkal/ (1.6)

If surface, a grasp solar radiation, the arrange perpendicular f direction solar rays, determine:

(1.7)

when cosines corner rays and normal surface.

K - Coefficient transparent rays.

Concern coefficient transparent rays.

The meaning highly a solar stony for only latitude, time earth, days and oriental surface must de find in formula:

When - geographical latitude, grad;

Solar declension, grad;

– Time corner, grad.

A quantity solar declension in 21 numbers every month the Republic Kazakhstan the result in table 1.

Table 1.

Month		Month		Month
January February Month April	-19051 -10038 -0009 +11047	May June July August	+20009 +23027 +20032 +12012	September October November December	+0048 -10038 -19053 -23027

By average meaning P= 0,33 and -300 K calculate to use (1.7) meaning for horizontal surface for summer and autumn condition.

The meaning for summer and autumn condition for Republic Kazakhstan the table 2.

Table 2.

Solar highly	1	3	5	10	20	30	60	90
Summer	54,5	148	226	372	550	654	786	815
	0,95	7,7	419,7	64,5	188	326	681	815
Autumn	57,3	158	243	398	588	699	840	870
	1,00	8,2	521,2	69,0	201	349	726	870

When – unlined solar rays;

– Horizontal solar rays.

As see with table, by big height solar intensive rays net enough depend by solar highly when as by net enough solar highly a small change solar highly a company very great reduce solar rays.

Literature

1. Жамалов А.Ж. Гелиоэнергетический потенциал РК и методы её использования. Алматы. 2010г.

2. Жамалов А., Умбетов Е., Кунелбаев М. Системы солнечного теплоснабжение. Алматы. 2010г.

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