Engineering sciences/5. Energy
Masters of degree Orymbaeva
F.A.
Candidate of engineering
sciences Koshkin I.V.
Kostanay state university of
the name А. Baitursynov, Kazakhstan
Method of
increase of efficiency
of windpump setting
Presently
in the world growingly the problem of passing comes into question to steady
development of association of nation, countries or regions developed,
developing, poorly developed with the geographical, national and historical
features.
One of
general qualificatory parameters of stability of development is energy (energy
resources, consumption, making, set power etc.). Creation of the steady system
of provide with energy of consumers is a necessary condition providing of
stability of economic, political and industrial development of society.
Presently
in the world more than 90% of all consumable a man energy, is on the stake of
organic fuel. However, we all understand perfectly, that this resource will
make off sooner or later, consequently we must accept certain measures for
substantial structural changes in resource basis of all world power sector.
Inefficient
and uncomplex the use of raw material results in swift reduction of stocks of
organic fuel, and also by contamination of environment. This tendency, and also
the permanent height of requirement in energies is pulled out by the
requirements of search of alternative energy and effective use of present
resources sources. In opinion of many specialists, the decision of this problem
can be the use of renewalable energy sources.
Energy
of proceeded in sources in truth is enormous and exceeds the volume of annual
booty of all types of hydrocarbon raw material. It is important to mark that
their use maybe practically in all regions of the world, including in
Kazakhstan.
In spite
of the fact that Kazakhstan there are enormous supplies of hydrocarbon energy
resources, enormous supplies are here based and proceeded in energy sources.
In
Kazakhstan climatic terms allow widely to use energy of a Sun and energy of
wind streams.
The
positive side of renewalable energy sources is that their use does not change
power balance of planet, what served reason of rapid development of
unconventional energy abroad and very optimistic prognoses of their development
in the nearest decade. Renewalable energy sources play a considerable role the
decision of three global problems standing before humanity : energy, ecology
and food. [1]
One of
variants of the use of renewalable energy sources it is been application of wind pump setting.
Dignities
of the use of wind pump
setting is more simple fundamental chart, absence of necessity
for the difficult system of automation, independence from the central system of
power supply.
Together
with dignities the wind pump
setting has the defects. To
them it is possible to take such as dependence, from the presence of certain
speed of wind in the place of setting of wind pump setting (4-8 m/ss),
seasonality of winds, influence of subzero temperatures and, certainly, main
defect is a not high output-input ratio. At optimal office hours most value
output-input ratio of wind pump
setting makes about 0,4-0,5. [2,3].
Researches
of methods of increase of efficiency of work of wind pump setting it is engaged in long
enough time scientists of many countries. On this question there is a row of
researches and patents on inventions, scientific reasons, performances on
conferences. However on the whole a power plant and her indexes remain high not
enough.
By
basic tasks for the increase of efficiency of work of the wind pump setting for irrigation of
pastures remote from centralized energy and water-supplys, is: increase of
energyreturn of the wind pump
setting due to a redistribution in a vertical profile and concentration of
energy of currents of air on the rotor of wind pump setting; increase of
reliability and efficiency of work of the wind pump setting due to simplification
of construction; application of structural and self-reactance synthesis of wind pump setting of
small-yield; use of potential hydro of produced wind pump setting power; increase of
aerodynamic efficiency of work of wind
pump setting.
The
most economical and ecofriendly variant consists in the use of potential hydro
of given wind pump
setting power for making of additional electric energy. Got electric energy in
can further be used for the economic
needs of stock-raising farm, or for an accumulation in storage batteries, for
the reserve feed of wind pump
setting in moments of absence of wind.
During
work of wind pump
setting we use strength of wind for getting up and transporting of water for
stock-raising farms, however the given water, her energy is not used more
precisely.
The use
of potential hydro of the wind
pump setting power will allow considerably increasing efficiency
of wind pump setting, bringing down dependence on traditional energy.
Application
of mini hydroelectric power station in wind
pump setting is an additional electric energy source, that is it
is very highly sought in our energyscarce time.
Presently
wind pump setting apply mainly in a stock-raising.
On the
pastures of Kazakhstan there are many wells and watering building, but they in
most are destroyed, and on their renewal considerable facilities are needed. For
setting of the pumping stations the centralized power supply is required, that
not always feasibly in a kind the remoteness of sources of electric power from
pastures grounds. Even in case of creation in the prospect of transport
systems, providing maximally possible availability of territory, the zone of
autonomous power supply will be saved, and in this case there is an unique exit
- use of alternative energy.
Actuality
of this theme consists in that a rise in prices of energy, intensifying of
economic and ecological problems, require more reasonable and careful
development of principles of the use of natural resources. In this connection the question of search
and mastering of alternative energy sources, and also modernisation of energy options,
becomes actual for more economically effective production, use of electric energy.
The use
of mini hydroelectric power station in wind
pump setting is one of variants of the effective use of renewalable
energy.
Modern
state of energy and necessity of development of power NT, providing a high
social effect and minimum affecting environment, increase of energyarmed of
production, creation of small and middle economies and enterprises, needing
autonomous energy sources resulted in the selection of proceeded in sources to
energy in separate direction of science and technique.
The
questions of the use of renewalable energy sources are actual for the entire
countries of the world by virtue of different circumstances. For the
industrially developed countries of the world, depending on an import fuel and
energy resources - it, foremost, power safety. For the industrially developed
countries of the world, rich in energy resources, is ecological safety,
conquest of markets of sale of equipment.
For
developing countries is the most rapid way to the improvement of socially
domestic terms of population, possibility of development of industry on an
ecologically acceptable way. And for the whole world on the whole is
possibility of decline of emission of greenhouse gases and avoidance of global
power and economic crisis.
References:
1. Message
of President of Republic of Kazakhstan - Leader of nation Nursultana Nazarbaeva
to the people of Kazakhstan "Strategy of "Казахстан-2050".
– 2012. – S.14-18.
2.
Shefter Y. I. Rozhdestvenskij I. V. ;
Wind pump and wind-electric aggregates / Y. I. Shefter, I.V. Rozhdestvenskij. - Moscow: Publishing House "Ear". – 1967. S. 6-18.
3. Fateev
Е.М. Windmills
and windsetting / Е.М Fateev. -
Moscow: The State publishing house of agricultural literature. – 1948. - S.
5-8.