Ph.D., associate professor Svistun L.A., aspirant, assistant Pavluchkova S.P.

Poltava national technical Uriy Kondratuk university

Prospects for Ukrainian export on the world grain market

Ukraine - agrarian country, which owns 27% of the world's black and has huge agricultural potential. Grains is the leading agricultural sector of the country. Cereals in Ukraine occupy over 14 million hectares or 56% of the crop area.

Ukraine raises large amounts of grain, which lately have tended to increase. Available capacity and geographic location can generate batch export crops and to pursue an active foreign trade. The main crops in Ukraine for export are wheat
(48-60%), barley (26-36%) and maize (8-22%).

Grain farming Ukraine is a strategic and most efficient sector of the economy. Grain and worked with him on products were always liquid as they form the basis of food resources and security.

Agricultural policy to create the conditions for effective functioning existence grain market concentrate on the following areas:

• establishing a system of monitoring and forecasting the market, search promising markets and promotion of grain to foreign markets;

• stimulate the market demand and supply in grain;

• the formation and functioning of market infrastructure, system and program approaches to market development;

• protect the interests of domestic producers in the implementation of external economic activities;

• scientific, technical and information support market development;

• establishment of necessary legal and regulatory framework;

• ensuring market transparency.

The main countries buying Ukrainian wheat - Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, Israel, Turkey Bangladesh. In 2010, its exports involved 198 enterprises. Thus, the top 15 suppliers accounted for about three quarters of export value, and "NIBULON" provided nearly a quarter of the total exports (24,5%). Among the major exporters - the company "Serna", "Kernel", "UkrAVTO", "Ukrainian Agrarian Investments." Wheat export Ukrainian agricultural companies are shown in Table. 1.

Table 1. Leaders of the grain-crops export in Ukraine

Name of cereals	An enterprise is a producer	Market share %	An enterprise is an exporter	Market share %
Wheat	Illich - Agro Donbas	1,06	Nibulon	24,5
	Nafkom - Agro	1	Serna	9,9
	Zernoprodukt MKHP	0,99	Kernel - Treyd	9,3
	Rayz - Maksimko	0,72	Ukrainian motor-car corporation	4,3
	Nibulon	0,54	Ukrainian agrarian investments	4
Corn	Rayz - Maksimko	4,03	Nibulon	21,6
	Harvest	2,41	Kernel - Treyd	12,5
	Zernoprodukt MKHP	2,39	Rayz	5,4
	А.Т.К	1,76	Serna	4,7
	Earth and Will	1,38	Klov	4,7
Barley	Podillya	0,62	Nibulon	17,4
	Illich - Agro Donbas	0,48	Santreyd	14,8
	Nibulon	0,36	Serna	12,7
	Ridge and к	0,33	Kernel - Treyd	7
	Agropraym Holding	0,29	Lewie Dreyfus is Ukraine of LTD	6,7

Source: MilkUA.info

In 2010, corn from Ukraine exported 204 companies on the top 15 exporters had 68% of total export volume (in value terms). 1/4 exports of maize in 2009 provided "NIBULON" (21,6%), among the largest exporters also "Kernel", "Rise", "Serna", "Clove", "Louis Dreyfus", "Suntrade."

According to EU agricultural markets of Ukraine, on the stock market for 2010 signed contracts to export grain harvest in 2009 totaling 16,5 million tonnes of wheat from his food – 5,7 million tons of wheat, fodder – 2,2 million tonnes, barley - 47 million tons of corn – 3,6 million tons.

In the total export crops during July-January 2009/2010 MY biggest share falls on wheat - 48.8% of total exports of grain. In barley accounted for 27,2%, for corn – 23,4%.

Saudi Arabia, Korea, Egypt, Israel, Bangladesh, Spain, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey, Tunisia, Japan. It should be noted that the geography of domestic export crops expanded, moving to the markets of Japan and Korea.

Graph 1. Largest importers of Ukrainian grain

Source: SSC of Ukraine and PNTU estimate

So Ukraine in 2010, this ratio has changed: Europe - 2%, Asia - 52%, Africa - 45%, CIS - 1%. As for the export of Ukrainian corn, then have the following value in 2010: Europe - 16%, Asia - 35%, Africa - 46%, CIS - 3%. Share barley exports to Europe in 2010 was 0,2%, Asia - 91%, in Africa – 8,5% to CIS countries – 0,3%.

No less important is the state price regulation market. In order to prevent the rapid collapse of prices, especially during the first two or three months after harvest, the state will withdraw from the market 2,5-3,5 million tons of food grains, including about 1-1,5 million tons . the formation of the Agrarian Fund state food reserves, and 1,5 - 2 million tons - the creation of three regional minimum supply of grain. What is projected to increase funding for the Agrarian Fund of 18 billion. So according to the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine and the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, sectoral program "Grain of Ukraine - 2015" prediction finance industry is as follows:

Implementing program regulations to provide material and technical resources, compliance technological parameters of grain production and effectiveness of economic mechanisms of the grain market will ensure its production in the years 2015-2017 at the level of 71-80 million tons.

Table 2. The balance of supply and demand of grain in Ukraine sectoral program "Grain of Ukraine - 2015"

Index	2010 fact.	fact. Prognosis
		2011	2015	2017
Tailings are on beginning of period	5,80	8,20	6,80	5,10
Production	39,50	49,70	71,00	80,00
-including population	9,50	9,50	8,50	7,00
Import	0,20	0,20	0,10	0,10
Internal demand on products, totall	25,80	27,10	29,80	32,00
-fund of consumption	7,00	7,00	7,00	7,00
-seed	2,60	3,00	3,10	3,10
-sterns	14,40	14,90	17,20	19,40
-processing is on nonfood aims	1,20	1,50	1,50	1,50
-losses of appeal	0,60	0,70	1,00	1,00
Export	11,50	23,50	35,00	36,00
Strategic world supply	-	-	7,00	10,00
Tailings are on the end of period	8,20	7,50	6,10	7,20

Source: SSC of Ukraine

The total demand for grain and its processed products in 2015 will reach nearly 69 million tons, half of which will be exported. Projected trend to increased costs of grain consumption of over 5%, 10% volume increase seed crops and 16,3% increase in feed demand and be about 17200 thousand tons of grain.

Thus the main goals of grain policy should be aimed at: improving the competitiveness of cereals, strategic diversification of markets, sales management grain production (volume, quality, price) on the world market, developing new concepts of government support Ukraine's access to promising local world markets.

Literature

1. Statistical information [Electronic resource] - www.online-agro.com

2. Statistical information of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine [Electronic resource] - www.me.gov.ua

3. Tymoshenko M. M, Status and prospects of the grain trade in the world market / M. M. Timoshenko / / State regulation of the economy. - 2012. - № 6.