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Pedagogic sciences
USE
OF ORAL NATIONAL arts IN MORAL
EDUCATION OF CHILDREN OF THE SENIOR PRESCHOOL AGE
Kondrashova
N.V., the candidate of pedagogical sciences,
Associate professor the Department of Pedagogy preschool
and Primary education Mordovian Teacher Training
institute
named after M.E. Evseveva
Doctor
of science, Honoris causa International
Academy of Natural History
Ashait summary
The
importance of folklore and the basic contradictions of moral
education of the preschool children in polycultural region are present in the article. The role of national arts in the pvoren of
introduction to the structure of the state federal requirements of the basic
comprehensive program of pre-school
education is discussed in the paper. The author substantiated the
possibilities of oral and complex using of fairy tale problems proverbs,
sayings and other means of the fork
pedagogics in polycultural region with the arm of initiation of preschoolers to the historical
and cultural values of their to the factors uniting different cultures.
Keywords:
preschool children, moral education, fairy tale, game, proverb, saying, oral
national arts
Moral education
is directed to formation of the valuable attitude to a life, harmonious
progress of a person providing.
Moral education
of preschool children complex ïåäàãîãè÷åñêè the organized process
of mastering and acceptance by children of base national and moral values.
Pedagogical staff of modern preschool institutions use. The means of national
pedagogies for familiarizing children with universal values and mastering by
spiritually-moral and cultural-historical abundance of people rather actively.
In establishments apply varied forms and methods of work (spend ethical
conversations, national proverbs and sayings, introduction of national holidays (Easter, the Pancake week,
Christmas), organizing of
cultural-after-lesson activity and didactic games for reinforcement of
knowledge of the national pattern of a
identifying of a experts of national fairy tales or games, etc) [1].
The efficiency of
educational work increases, if to take into consideration modern achievements of the pedagogical
theory and practice. Nonconventional
methods and receptions of familiarizing of preschool children to a spiritual
ethnocultural heritage and means of national pedagogies are supposed to be
realized. It is important to use in complex varied forms and methods of work to
form at preschool children the concepts
about norms of morals and their
attitude to at norms, upringing
of humane feelings and enrichment of moral experience of preschool
children[2].
The information
about the phenomena of a public life, politeness and humanism, patriotism and
tolerance, norms of behaviour, the
valid attitude to adults and so forth are the constituents of the moral
concepts shaped in the preschool childhood
the Generated moral concepts serve as the basis progresses of motives of behaviour which induce children to these or
other acts. Various forms and methods of work with oral national arts can
enrich moral concepts of children: «Saving situations in fairy tales », « Kind
use full advice hints», etc.
«Saving
situations in fairy tales » (preschoolers should compose every possible plot or
ending to familiar fairy tales in view of unforeseen extreme circumstances
where heroes are involved : situations of a moral choice between goods and a
harm, situations of rescue of the protagonist, requiring displays of the
sympathetic, benevolent attitude to associates).
«The
expert of national proverbs and sayings » (competition can be used for
activization in speech of the senior preschool children of laconic and neat
sayings on a moral problematics).
«Kind advice » (national proverbs and sayings
are discussed with preschool children about diligence, friendship, goods and
other socially-meaningful qualities; it is focused wisdom saved of the years is
brought into the proverbs). And sayings.
«Let's
define a proverb according to its beginning» (interesting exercise for
enrichment of the children's vocabulary
due to neat laconic sayings, stimulating of memory and voluntary
attention).
«Lovely maiden and a kind good fellow » ( the
illustrations or film fragments on motives of several national fairy tales are
watched with the preschoolers and then the description about virtues of
protagonists with objective of formation of concepts about ideals of courage
and feminity is made).
In
moral education of a child during the preschool childhood the important seat
borrows formation of moral feelings and attitudes. T. Titarenko has revealed
the following steps of the development of
emotional children's attitude of to moral situations:
·
a direct assessment of the
concrete actions of a person, corrected his behaviour;
·
an assessment-condition of a person
who has got a difficult siluation providing of his behaviour;
·
an assessment-anticipation of
possible consequences, the further expansion of the situation where emotion has
an advancing function.
Is
some methods with works of oral folklore help to display emotional
responsiveness to analyze vital situations and surrounding people in view of
moral values and norms:
"Description"
(children should make up a moral portrait of a hero of a national fairy tale
and to try to explain in the character is kind to people or not).
Games
exercises "Ball", «Good and bad acts», « Mysterious transformations»,
help to teach children to differentiate bad and good acts, to show goodwill,
responsiveness, keenness and so forth
«A
book of Fairy tales», is made of children's draiwing with the image of
protagonists and can be used for
discussion of variety and importance of kind acts.
«Draw
the fairy tale » (preschool children are offered to imagine themselves an illustrator and to tell what pictures they
would draw to their favourite fairy tale as well as to estimate acts of
represented heroes).
So,
means of national pedagogies play a key role in moral education and formation
of basis of personal culture of each person during preschool äåâñòâà. Use of
oral national work in pedagogical process ÄÎÓ with objective of moral education
of preschool children probably, if: the hand-picked texts assisting spiritual
enrichment of preschool children, to formation at them culture of feelings and the
valuable attitude to the world; varied nonconventional methods and receptions
of use of means of national pedagogies, both on employment, and outside of them
are applied; during acquaintance of the senior preschool children with national
work the individual and differentiated approach and so forth is carried out.
The literature:
1. Familiarizing of preschool children with national culture in a context
of unity of educational space of Russia / E. N. Kirkina ; Mordov. Teacher Training institute, 2010. – 297 with.
2. Kondrashova, N. V. Spiritually-moral education of preschool children
through gaming activity in the conditions of multicultural region / NV.
Kondrashova // Polythematic network electronic scientific journal of the Kuban
state agrarian University Scientific journal ÊóáÃÀÓ)
[Electronic resource]. - Krasnodar: ÊóáÃÀÓ, 2012. - ¹
07(81). With. 606 - 616. - Mode of access:
http://ej.kubago.ru/2012/07/pdf/45.pdf, 0,688 ó.ï.ë.