Color terms in the aspect of productional aesthetics of premises

Potapova Svetlana

E-mail: nmr53@mail.ru

According to all-Union State Standard there are a few main color groups: optimal, suboptimal, and the group, which includes a series of warning colors, which is justified by the scientific, physiological and hygienic principles of their functioning.

Optimal colors are basic. This group includes the colors of the medium wave rage and shades that are close to it. Everything that needs of a coat of paint made out in the basic colors.

Suboptimal colors include shades of the medium wave spectral band and colors which located abroad. All of these are warning colors that are used primarily to facilitate the recognition of those objects, the treatment of which can lead to injury.

Consequently, when machines, instruments, components in production facilities are dyeing it is necessary to be aware of the harmonization of the work material by optimal contrast with color, because it contributes to better visibility and recognition. Colors from optimal and suboptimal groups (light yellow, light green, light blue-green color) are used for dying of the upper of the machine. The frame is painted in the same color but with higher purity and lower reflectance. Dangerous colors are taken in accordance with the recommendations of all-Union State Standard R 4.026-2001 “Occupational safety standards system. Warning colors, safety signs and warning marks. Purpose and application rules. General technical requirements and specifications. Test methods"[1].

Recommendations by Swiss psychologist M. Lüscher for color schemes in the workplace [3]:

- Not use gray or dark colors which causes negative emotions of employee. And on the contrary, "Happy" colors (orange, etc..) raised his spirits, thereby increasing the employment potential;

- Avoid single-colored equipment and production premises in which it is situated, otherwise it leads to monotony, which is a negative factor;

- Use white color when it necessary to neutralize the contrast. In such cases, the subject, painted in white, is located between the two "aggressive" tones;

- The choice of colors and combinations for color scheme needs to take into account the colors of the physiological, hygienic, psychological, aesthetic requirements, functional and technical factors of production premises, which include:

assignment of objects, type and duration of the prevailing work (creative workshop, laboratory, etc.);

the nature of visual work (in establishing the nature of visual work should be guided by construction rules and regulations);

category of work, the general nature of the work, the length of time indoors (light, moderate or heavy work);

light distribution, intensity and color of light lighting system (natural and artificial lighting, the necessary value of light in the premises, the requirements of color accuracy etc .;

sanitary requirements and technological purpose of premises (dust release, flatulence, high or low temperatures, the number and nature of industrial waste, etc.);

features of the spatial structure and the appointment of painted components and equipment (absolute size and proportions of the room, the shape and location of the premises, the degree of saturation of equipment and communications, ceiling, walls, floor, bed frame, the moving parts of machines);

safety requirements (signal warning coloration, safety signs, etc.);

conditions of visual work (taking into account the angular sizes and an optimal contrast between the subject and the background).

The main objectives of the use of color terms in the premises and include architectural and interior decoration of production and domestic premises, the allocation of appropriate items correct and clearly expressed by color accents (More [2]). For example, the color marking of emergency passes in educational institutions is a prerequisite for fire safety, also this list should includes the allocation of production premises, recreation areas of creativity and more. All of these facts greatly increase the workplace safety.

Color is used as an encoded media about danger for preventing accidents at work in professional educational organizations. Aesthetic function of color in the production is complemented by information load, which is used in the labeling of communications and the organization of production information and safety.

References:

1. All-Union State Standard R 4.026-2001 “Occupational safety standards system. Warning colors, safety signs and warning marks. Purpose and application rules. General technical requirements and specifications. Test methods"

2. Nevmerzhitskaya EV Ethno Coloristic interview Educ.-Pract. allowance. M .: Granitza. 128. The series "Learning ethno coloristic."

3. Lüscher, M. The Lüscher Color Test / transl. and ed. by Ian A. Scott. – N. Y.: Pocket Books, 1971. – 187 p.