Economy
BRIEF
CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN UKRAINE
Alyona Bzenko
National
University of Food Technologies
The employment directly proportionally
depends on the development rate of the national economy.
The problem of the youth employment is
very acute in Ukraine. Every 3rd student of the university is not able to find
a job along the profession; the vast majority of the youth from the regional
and district centers pursues the “happiness” within the capital or is ready to
go abroad. According to the sociological surveys of the Trade Unions Federation
in Ukraine, conducted in spring of the current year, more than 80% of students
associate their professional future not with Ukraine.
And the balance of this critical
situation in Ukraine can be reached via the comprehensive government work over
the three key aspects.
Firstly, the investment should be
actively involved in the business sector. It does not matter whether the
funding is involved from the national or foreign investment groups in both the
public and private sectors. The main thing is that this process has the
features of the stable dynamic development. What is the current investor
concern? This is the instability of the Ukrainian legislation and fiscal
system.
Second, regarding the aforementioned
fiscal policy, it is necessary to implement the program along the reducing of
the tax burden on business. Today the entire amount of payments that must be
paid by a particular company reaches the 57%. This is the answer to why the
Ukrainian labor market is in the shadow, and why most of Ukrainians do not
qualify for the social security fixed by the law. The difficult situation with
the official employment leads to the development of the self-employment in the
informal economy sector and as a result is the lower pay of employees.
The third important issue is the level of
young people education. The corruption in the education system has led to a
rapid decrease in the responsibility level of students, decreased the level of
youth consciousness regarding their practical knowledge level.
The very youth, being aware of the
futility of the knowledge obtained in universities, now focus on the practical
application of their capabilities and skills, instead of raising the
educational level and achieve a competitive position in the labor market. In
addition, the educational system is not so dynamic to quickly meet the
requirements of the economic environment and to prepare professionals to meet
the needs of the economy today. Yes, we face the situation where a person
graduates from the university with honors, but is not able to apply the
acquired theoretical knowledge in practice. Top experts often get the offers
from the foreign companies before the end of the university.
The integrated address along these three
issues can create a proportionate and effective labor market in Ukraine. On the
one hand, developing economies can offer young professionals the places of
employment with the prospects for the further growth with a competitive salary.
The market employment, particularly young
people, is the clear identifier of the economy, the level of country investment
attractiveness. On the other hand, an effective youth employment program will
encourage students to build a competitive knowledge base to give the offer to
the employer and get a demand for their skills.