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Krasnyuk Anastassiya, Sadykbekov Abylay
KSTU, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
Innovative solutions of independent energy supply
It’s a well-known fact
that the amount of approved fossil fuel – oil left will be enough for only next
40-50 years at the current level of domestic production. Similar situation is
present in the other countries as well. Fuel prices are steadily increasing. In
Russia, with their cold winters and long hot periods, two-thirds of the energy
consumed per capita is consumed for heating (more than in any other country).
In this situation only
the use of renewable energy sources (such as solar, wind, geothermal energy,
etc.) would solve the potential upcoming house-heating problem. We know a lot
of systems that use alternative energy for heating buildings, but in most of
cases these are individual settings, which are complementary to the traditional
systems of power supply or they are very difficult to implement and simply
unrealistic from an economic point of view; therefore, the lack of those is the
proof of that [1].
There is a diagram of the unique fully autonomous power system
of a house on the picture 1. One of the main advantages of this design
is its accessibility to a wide consumer.
The
figure shows a diagram of the unique fully autonomous power system of a house,
which allows conducting construction almost everywhere without worrying about
the future power supply cable and the fuel delivery. The long-term data from
the meteorologists was taken into account when the system was developed, which
guarantees a comfortable temperature year-round indoor and uninterrupted power
supply of household appliances including electric stove.
The
main source of electrical power is a wind turbine, whereas the heat source is the
heat pump and solar collectors. The system is highly intelligent; automated
control is an essential element of the system.
1 - wind
generator, 2 - solar collectors, 3 - heat pump, 4 - heat accumulator;
5 - battery
+ inverter, 6 - waste heat sinks, 7 - hot water tank;
8 -
manifold heat of the earth, 9 - "warm floor"
Picture 1 - Diagram of the unique fully autonomous power system of
a house
Economic calculations of power systems house show that the
installation of the system will pay off in the average of three to four years
and in the future the owner of the property would get rid of the problem of
paying bills for heat and gas.
In addition to the economic
independence of the owner of such a system acquires a geographic freedom to
choose his/her own residence guided by the beauty of the surrounding landscape
of the potential future place of his/her housing, rather than the proximity of
energy "pipe."
The main technical characteristics of the system
are:
- the volume of produced electricity is 7,500 kWh / month (the leftover
electricity is converted into thermal energy through the heat pump. To produce
this amount of electricity diesel generator has to burn 30 thousand liters of
fuel.);
- maximum power consumption is to 60 kW;
- average thermal power is 30 kW (equivalent to the amount of heat
produced by combustion of 3500 liters of diesel fuel in boilers).
The
efficiency of the energy supply from renewable energy sources is most
appropriate to compare with the energy supply efficiency of diesel electric
generators and boilers since only these traditional sources of energy are not
tied to grids and highways; hence there is no need to consider the cost of
their installation. The total amount of energy produced by a system of
independent power supply in Central Kazakhstan in a year is equivalent to the
energy produced by burning at least 33.5 tons of diesel, which costs far more
than 2.5 million tenge. One installation of "Autonomous House" provides
heat and electricity for up to 1000m2 of housing, which corresponds
to, for example, the condo for five families.
Application:
- housing construction (houses, farms, etc.);
- agriculture (farming, etc.);
- small businesses and assembly plants;
- development of new areas (remote areas, islands, etc.);
- protection of the state borders (long-range military garrisons of the
frontier, a network of air defense, coastal surveillance service).
The strategic goal of "Autonomous House" is the creation of an
international corporation, which on the basis of intellectual property
belonging to it will carry out mass production, sales and service of
"Autonomous House" in different regions of the world. The primary
task - the construction of an industrial complex, producing systems
"Autonomous House" followed by a guarantee and service. This complex,
in addition to production areas, should include a research laboratory. It will
analyze the system in real time and optimize its parameters for future
development, and to develop new promising areas of battery power.
Literature:
1. Beschinsky A. Common problems of
the fuel and energy situation in the world. / / Thermal Engineering. 2004.
Number 5, p. 21-24.