Prevalence of the Yersiniosis of Animals on the Territory

of Kostanay Region

Mustafin M.K. – Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, Professor, Director

of Kostanay regional laboratory

Tuyakova R.K. – Candidate of Veterinary Medicine, Associated Professor of Kostanay State’s A. Baytursynov University

Melnik O.N. – Master of Kostanay State’s A. Baytursynov University

Intestinal yersiniosis is ranged with relatively new inflectional diseases which are begun especially intensive to be studied during last 25 – 30 years. This disease falls under the category of alimentary zoonoses, i.e. diseases which have as the source of infection sick animals, and as transfer factors the food stuffs: milk, meat.

According to the data of WHO experts this problem has the global character, and especially extensive the intestinal yersiniosis is detected in Scandinavia, Czech Republic, Hungary, France.

In veterinary terms the problem of the yersiniosis of agricultural animals isn’t sufficiently studied till present. Despite of the expansive growth of the interest of the researchers for studying the originators of the yersiniosis in last years, the are extremely few data about the expansion of disease among different species of animals in the separate regions of Republic of Kazakhstan.

At the same time the greatest danger of the yersiniosis is particularly presented in the regions with the cold climate because of the biological properties of Y. enterocolitica, which allow the microorganism to develop, accumulate and preserve the pathogenic properties at the lower temperatures (Kulikovskiy A.V., Dzhentimirova K.M., 1993).

It also should be remembered the epidemiological significance of the yersiniosis. It takes the second place in Russian Federation among the alimentary infections after the salmonellosis, and in Europe the third one after the salmonellosis and colibacteriosis (Wauters G., 1979; Perez-Trallero E., Idigoras P., Solaun M.L., Zigorraga C., 1992; Jackova S., Subik J., 1995; Smirnov I.V., 2004).

At the present time the veterinary practice hasn’t sufficient quantity of methods which would allow efficiently diagnose and prevent this pathology. The development and implementation of measurements to diagnose the yersiniosis will allow the veterinary specialists to evaluate more adequately the causation of the infection originator, timely detect sick animals and carry out the task-oriented therapy.

The veterinary laboratory of Kostanay region the intestinal yersiniosis is officially registered only from 1996. That is why in the native literature the are only the single works about the yersiniosis of agricultural animals.

The object of our work is the study of the expansion of the intestinal yersiniosis of agricultural animals in Kostanay region.

There were used the serological methods (РА), bacteriological ones - inoculation of medium of accumulation using the cold-reactive enrichment.

The study of the properties of the isolated strains was carried out according to the methodical recommendations of G.Ya. Tsenova (1992, 1997).

There were totally serologically studied in PA 145 head of cattle, pigs and horses with the commercial diagnosticum of Saint-Petersburg Pasteur Institute NIIEM.

As the diagnostic titer for the cattle was recognized 1:200, for pigs 1:100. There were significantly often detected anti-bodies to anti-genes of different serovars of Y. enterocolitica: for cattle 4,7 % to 35 %, for pigs 43 % to 96 %, for horses 66 %. The anti-bodies to Y.pseudotuberculosis anti-genes were detected for cattle 14 % to 40 %, for pigs 125 % to 55 %, for horses 6,5 %.

If even take into account that anti-genes Y. enterocolitica 0:9 and Y. pseudotuberculosis I of the serovar give the crossed reactions with different heterogeneous microorganisms and it’s possible to explain with it the higher percent of the positive reactions, the level of the serum-positive reactions in any case was sufficiently high and testified according to our opinion that among the tested animals there were the animals which had had before the intestinal yersiniosis and pseudotuberculosis or have bacteria carriers.

Taking in account these results there had been carried out the bacteriological study of 700 animals from the different farms of Kostanay region. There were totally isolated 10 strains of Y.enterocolitica and 2 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis.

Three cultures of Y. enterocolitica had been isolated from fallen young pigs, 4 strains – from the cow milk including the cows with mastitis, and 3 strains had been taken from faeces of the young pigs which had the signs of diarrhea. The pseudotuberculosis microbe had been isolated from the cow milk.

So the percent of the contamination in these farms reached 2,3% to 5 %, and taking in account all the tested livestock – 2,3 %. All the intestinal-yersiniosis cultures by their general properties were typical. From 10 cultures 7 ones were recognized as serovar 0:3, one culture – serovar 0:6, and two strains were agglutinated only with the polyvalent yersiniosis serum, but their serum type hadn’t been accurately established.

The check of the virulence had shown that 7 from 10 strains had agglutinated with “SVI” and formed the pigmented colonies on the medium with Congo-rot, were calcium dependent, had the temperature dependent morphology of colonies and gave the auto-agglutination. Most of these strains had been isolated from the fallen young pigs or animals with clinical signs of disease.

So we had proved the existence in Kostanay region of the intestinal yersiniosis of the agricultural animals and developed the optimal scheme of the laboratory diagnostics of this infection.

The epidemiological situation with the yersiniosis disease in 2013 is so: 3 persons are ill: 2 persons are workers at the hog-raising farm; 1 person is a stock-breeder. So it’s possible to state the fact of the direct connection of people infection from animals.

List of Reference:

1. The Expansion of Infections to be caused by Yersinia entеrocolitica // WHO Memorials, 1977.V.31: No.4-С.216-218.

2. Tseneva G.Ya. Yersiniosis and Pseudotuberculosis, Saint-Petersburg:, 1992.-60p.

3. Mitrikova L.A., Tseneva G.Ya. et al. The Expansion of Yersinia and their Serological Variations at the Patients with Acute Intestinal Diseases of the Non-Stated Etiology // ZhMEI. 1989-No.8.P.17-20.