Педагогические
науки/1. Дистанционнное образование в высшей школе
Irina Medvedkova, master’s degree student
Lulko M., senior lector, scientific adviser
National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Education Without Borders
Over
ten years ago, ministers of education from 29 countries of the European Union
in the Italian Bologna signed a declaration on the approximation and
harmonization of higher education systems.
Thus
was created "Bologna reform." It was the dream of education without
borders to over 15 million students in over 5,000 universities EU and
neighboring countries. Now the countries
participating in the Bologna Process, 46.
After the introduction
of the Bologna reform students complain that the training was more theoretical,
the number of examinations, the number of practice has changed its relationship
to theory. Most employers just estimates changes: not all agree to recognize
the level of students as bachelor level sufficiently qualified.
Last year, students in
some European countries strike and protested in the streets. Most large-scale
street protests were in Germany and Austria. And it worked. For example,
Annette Shawano, German Minister for Education, pledged an additional two
billion euros to some of the changes and improvements in the field of higher
education.
However, one of the main
objectives of the Bologna reform and now is far from practice: student mobility
within the EU hardly improved. "But the mobility of students from outside
the EU to the European universities has increased significantly, which means
that on other continents was greater interest in learning European
universities" - said Annette Shawano.
Also, from the reform
are positive signs, but we must continue to work towards its improvement.
According to the Austrian Minister for Science Beatrix Karl, "European
Higher Education more fused. This is a very important development. The higher
education system in Europe should also give students the opportunity to, for
example, get a bachelor in one country and then learn from the master's program
in another country. But we see that in some countries there are problems with
access to education. That is the topic we should discuss at the European level.
"
Today,
multimedia technologies - is one of the promising directions in information
learning process. They combine powerful distributed educational resources that
can provide a decent environment for the development and formation of key areas,
which include primarily informational and communicative.
The
introduction of multimedia technologies in educational process contributed to
the emergence of some positive factors. Among them:
•
organizing training through the use of special media projector enables
demonstrate the software and save time, thereby expediting the study of
educational material.
•
inclusion of information multimedia technology makes the learning process more
effective and tehnolohichnishym. It promotes interest in the students and their
willingness to creative work, improves the absorption of the material, its
perception.
• use
of multimedia in the classroom enhances student motivation, enhancing their
cognitive activity, both at the level of consciousness and subconsciousness.
According,
R. Kyrmayeru, using interactive multimedia technology in learning share learned
material can reach 75%. Rather, this estimate a bit overpriced, but the
efficiency of learning when involved not only mechanical and auditory memory,
and auditory were known before the advent of computers.
Also great
prevalent online education. The idea of education at a distance
appeared before the emergence of the Internet. Until now, the Open University
in the UK is the largest educational institution that offers distance
education. It was founded in 1969 under the protection of the Queen. Over the
next few decades in the U.S. and Europe was opened enough similar institutions
such as the National Centre for Distance Education in France or the National
University of Distance Education (UNED) in Spain.
Even then, the "alternative" schools receive
public recognition and approval of the
Government.
Educational
radio still enjoy great popularity, for example in India, due to the widespread
availability and low cost. One of the most successful projects of the
television is a system of public education in the U.S. television (PBS TV),
which includes a variety of educational programs in several educational
channels. Education Online favorably with distance learning is fundamentally
different approach to supply knowledge - Internet helps maintain constant
contact between students and instructive. There was widespread learning through
Skype, such as English lessons directly with the teacher, but not contacting
personally and via webcam.
References
2.
http://sez.donetsk.ua/osvita-cherez-internet/
3.
http://osvita.ua/school/manage/teaching/31692/