Problems of maintenance of the domestic food
market of the Customs Union.
Baytilenova ES
Taraz innovation and Humanities University
Over the last decade, the CIS countries ,
especially Kazakhstan and Russia , have declared themselves as major exporters
of grain on the world market. In 2008, the share of Russia , Kazakhstan and
Ukraine, are not included in the Customs Union , together accounted for 20 % of
world exports. In turn , Belarus is a major exporter of milk and milk products
, so that the subject of the expansion of food products to foreign markets for
the CU is not new, but with the beginning of the integration process within the
framework of the Customs Union and Common Economic Space she got new features.
We can report a positive trend: products for the agricultural imports from
Russia to Kazakhstan increased by 1.6 times - from $ 1 billion to $ 1.6 billion
, the turnover with Belarus also showed a positive trend : in 2011, the volume
of imports of agricultural products from Belarus in Kazakhstan amounted to 134
million dollars.
At the same time Kazakhstan imports of the CU
not only finished products but also the "tools " of agriculture -
according to the information of the same vice- minister, for the period from
2006 to 2012 from Russia to Kazakhstan was supplied equipment worth 549 million
dollars , the same period imports from Belarus is 81 million dollars. The fact
that the country prefers not to buy foreign goods ready , and to increase
investment and transfer of technology for the production of its own counterpart
, confirmed on the forum and the chairman of the Board of JSC "Food
Contract Corporation ". Kazakhstan is currently in need of investment especially
in the agricultural sector , because Kazakhstan is necessary to ensure food
security. The Government plans to invest tens of millions of dollars in the
production of vegetables in the establishment of food zones around the major
cities of Kazakhstan. Now this issue is acute in the world, and Kazakhstan has
every reason to provide fully not only themselves, but also to export food
products to other countries.
According to experts , representatives of
Kazakhstan's agricultural sector are going to meet on the forum of the
potential investors , and the Food Corporation intends to make these
negotiations a special emphasis on the development of infrastructure for
exporting grain , which is the attraction of investors to build granaries .
Proof of this was the confirmation of the Minister of Finance , where a meeting
with representatives of the agricultural sector of the country , it was noted
that the businesses of the maple leaf is ready to share with their Kazakh
counterparts advanced technology in beef cattle . According to the Ministry
finvnsov RK, Canadian companies have already successfully work with the "
KAF " for the supply of agricultural machinery. However , according to the
Canadian Minister of today, there are all possibilities for the realization of
other joint projects on a parity basis with the participation of Canadian
investors. In particular , the business of Canada is willing to share advanced
technology in beef cattle breeding, feed production , the organization of joint
enterprises , the introduction of technology for deep processing of grain, the
creation of large dairy farms , that is, in those areas in which the " KAF
" currently finances investment projects.
Returning to the subject of the conquest of new
markets , experts say this in the first place requires a coordinated policy on
the foreign market by the three members of the Customs Union and the Common
Economic Space. This raises the same question: what will benefit in the global
market Kazakhstan , Russia and Belarus , as competitors for many types of
products. The first step, which should come to the state - it is the agreed
policy on the foreign market . We are talking about the agreement and the
division of foreign markets , the separation of products. As the world market ,
the participants should not push each other with their elbows , but on the
contrary , help each other when entering foreign markets. In turn, the Russian
Federation proposes Kazakhstan and Belarus within the Customs Union to develop
common rules for trade in agricultural products .
It is actually a query of business - such as
trading rules within the Customs Union in agricultural products and export of
foreign trade. These rules allow us to adjust the relations within the
framework of bilateral trade and give a new status signed by the
forward-looking balance sheets , and, of course , they will serve as a good
stimulus for the development of a common export policy .
To ensure food safety to complete work on the
development of technical regulations of agricultural and fish products, raw
materials and food , to harmonize the safety performance of raw materials and
food products to the international requirements on the basis of fundamental
research in the field of nutritional science .
Ensuring food security is directly related to
the technical equipment of agricultural producers throughout the main list of
agricultural machinery and equipment. It is machine- technological complex of
agriculture as an innovative agricultural production base , is the most
important production system , which regulates the volume , quality and economic
characteristics of the final agricultural production.
References1. Elemesov KI Economic modeling and real politics . Kazakhstan : the economy and the life - № 3 - 4 ,2 . Kazakhstan : in facts and figures . - Almaty : Statistics, 20113 . Materials , " Interregional Center of Business Cooperation"