Economic sciences
Abilkairova R. A. senior teacher
Kostanaysky state university of a name of
A.Baytursynov
Kazakhstan
Prospects of development of pension system of the
Republic of Kazakhstan
Social
development of the state irrespective of realized model of economic development
is estimated on a standard of living of pensioners. In the various countries
the problem of social security is solved at the level of the state which
performs a direct and direct duty before pensioners. Social and economic
reforms consistently carried out in Kazakhstan throughout a row of years caused
a number of positive shifts. Today in the republic effectively operating
pension system, allowed to lift a standard of living of pensioners is created.
Development
of economy of any country is inseparably linked with efficiency of realization
of measures for pension protection of the population as social stability here
plays a key role. Need of support of categories of the population being in a
retirement age, is caused first of all by providing social guarantees within
open society. The pension system of Kazakhstan at the same time carries out two
functions. First, she allows to pay in due time pensions, i.e. carries out a
problem of social security of citizens. Secondly, means of accumulative pension
funds are used as a source of investments into national economy, i.e. the
investment potential of economy is increased.
As a
whole for expired time provision of pensions in the republic underwent
essential changes. In Kazakhstan the national pension legislation is developed,
is translated the state system of provision of pensions on the insurance
principles. In essence, in the republic the new pension system leaning is
created on own financial basis – off-budget pension (social) funds.
The accumulative
pension system possesses a number of advantages from which it is possible to
distinguish a noticeable role of pension funds in development of stock market
as funds put the financial means on long-term prospect, taking into account
ensuring interests of investors.
The
president of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the program documents constantly
notes importance of carried-out transformations in the social sphere, focusing
attention on its pension component. N.A. Nazarbayev emphasized more than once that
experience of the republic in development of pension reform causes a great
interest of the world community. By estimates of the international experts, the
pension system of our country differs the uniqueness not only among CIS
countries, but also at the international level.
The
system of social protection operating now in the Republic of Kazakhstan is
characterized by prevalence of the principle of full solidarity, high level of
the state participation. The pension system of the Republic of Kazakhstan is
urged to provide with the state material support of each citizen who has
reached lawfully established age or the condition, interfering labor activity.
In
Kazakhstan reforms in pension system were carried out along with nation-wide
economic transformations. In June, 1997 the law "About Provision of
Pensions in RK" according to which functioning of new system of provision
of pensions were laid the foundation was adopted. As it was noted above, along
with accumulative pension system it was kept and operating earlier solitary
pension system with all obligations of the state to pensioners.
One of
advantages of carried-out pension reform in the republic was introduction and
development of the accumulative pension system directed on creation of market
infrastructure and radical improvement of model of social security. In
accumulative system the pension of citizens is formed at the expense of the
saved-up means which are property of investors. At a retirement the saved-up
savings are paid to investors from individual retirement accounts.
According
to the law "About Provision of Pensions in the Republic of
Kazakhstan" the system of voluntary contributions at the expense of which
the additional pension consisting of voluntary contributions of working and
employers is formed was entered. Thus, each citizen in Kazakhstan has
additional opportunity to increase the pension accumulation.
Literature
1
Pension fund to Approve a reserve of the Government of the Republic of
Kazakhstan for 2011 in the sum of 44 700 000 thousand tenges. ... The present
Law becomes effective since January 1, 2011.
2 The
law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "About provision of pensions in the
Republic of Kazakhstan"... 2007 -
2011 JSC Accumulative Pension Fund Capital