History/ 2. General History

 

Abdyrgaliyeva Aigerim Tursunovna, 1st year student of Region Study department

Supervisor Nurusheva Gulmira Keldybaevna

 

Kazakhstan, Kostanay State University named after A.Baitursynov

Negative trends in the relationship of the Kazakh population and the resettlement of the peasantry in the territory of Turgay region in the second half of XIX - early XX centuries.

 

Question of the relationship of the Kazakh population and the resettlement of the peasantry in the pre-revolutionary Russian historiography was hardly developed. According E.Bekmahanov, is explained by the fact that the representatives of the official historiography Kazakhs treated as an object of colonization and drew a sharp line between "aliens" and Russian immigrants [1].

 Therefore, despite the extensive literature on the "edge of the Kyrgyz ", and in particular the resettlement problem of relations between Kazakh and European populations has been little studied. Studies were subjected separately resettlement villages and separately Kazakh villages, economic linkages between the same explained solely in terms of cultureregersty. Inside Literature tsarist represented mainly editions Resettlement Office, argued that all the advanced effects in the region were solely due to the Russian colonization, the Kazakhs that agriculture appeared only because of peasant settlers, and that, generally, the nomads are not capable of self- development, so requires the diffusion of culture from the outside. In this regard it should be noted A.A.Kaufman’s work, which, unlike the Resettlement Office officials did not consider the relocation of a panacea for all the signs of the agrarian crisis in Russia, but on the contrary, argued that the Russian colonization of the steppe is complete. He did not associate the growth of agriculture among the Kazakhs to the impact of resettlement, furthermore argued that corn- nomadic population just less significant development in the limit of contact with Europeans [2].

But it should be noted that this fact does not explain it the best land seizure of land of the Kazakhs, and linked with the spread of the lease, which enabled nomads without making physical effort to use labor tenants. Confirmation of this can serve as an excerpt from a letter from the military governor Turgay region General - Lieutenant , Senior Advisor A.A.Kaufman from 30.09.1897 ¹ 7427 Mr. Minister of Agriculture and the State of the property: "In my Revue in the outflowing month in the area, among other things , noted that confusion in the land against Russian towns, settled into Turgay region , on land leased from the Kirghiz in Kustanay county is predominantly constant disputes and clashes between Russian and Kyrgyz . Last refuse to renew leases on land thoroughly, firmly based on them cannot live without Russian final ruin. Constant mutual Damaging breads, particularly acute for the offense and self-government. Kirgiz, considering their land, farmers produce Damaging seeded bread and distilled in the past cattle grazing in the meadows and pastures, and farmers in turn delay the Kirghiz cattle under such abnormal conditions deteriorated to the point that they both go on the field with arms. When this mood of both populations may occur armed clash between them with all the sad consequences.

 

 

Literature

1. E. Bekmakhanov. Kazakhstan's accession to Russia. M., 1957

2. A.A.Kaufman. Settlers tenant Turgay region./ Second part of the report senior   producer Kaufman works on an assignment in Turgay region. / St. Petersburg., 1897