History/ 2. General History

Development of education system in Northern Kazakhstan in 20-30 years of XX century.

Kairat Alimov, 3rd year student of specialty «History»

Kostanai State University A.Baitursynov

Supervisor: Orynbayev KE senior Lecturer

Department of Kazakhstan history KSU A.Baitursynov behalf

xx century

The Cultural Revolution in Kazakhstan was one of the most important components of the socialist modernization drive , which was held in 20-30 years age xx . It is in the area of education and culture have been some very significant positive results. Implementation of the Cultural Revolution unfolded in several areas .

Expansion of public education institutions and improve the quality of their work, community mobilization to eliminate illiteracy among middle and older generations , network deployment clubs , cultural centers , theaters for propaganda among the masses the best creations of the national and world stage, poetry , cinema, literature, music . In the framework of the activities mentioned areas of cultural construction expanded network of libraries and other institutions. Paramount issue of the Cultural Revolution was a large-scale campaign to eradicate illiteracy and the introduction of universal education . For this purpose, the basis for the activities of questions were asked to deploy a network of schools and schools one step higher type , as well as opening paragraphs literacy . In the whole country to illiteracy campaign undertaken in May 1929. by a special decree of the CPSU (b ) , first sufficed to half a million adults, and by 1936 will make it possible to talk about 65 % of the population who have mastered writing and arithmetic. (4).

In Northern Kazakhstan actively launched a campaign to eradicate illiteracy . For example, in 1937 . Kustanai region in the results of the monthly reports have been trained to read and write through the regional education department , 8246 people , through trade unions -409 people. In addition, another 11,163 people were taught to read and write to the above two lines. (1 . , D.96 , L.23 ) .

Formation of a new , larger network of schools from the very beginning the problem was complicated by the catastrophic shortage of personnel. Before the revolution, this problem was solved by high school graduates preschools and universities central regions . Now the task was self-reliance by teaching colleges. But they covered only about 10 % of the demand . More complex for the Kazakh Pedagogical School and Kazakh schools was the use of the Arabic alphabet . Only in 1924, a prominent member of the Kazakh national intelligentsia A.Baytursynov created a new meeting the requirements of the day, especially Kazakh speech alphabet. Its implementation has been slow . And in 1928 . by the decision of the Union , local authorities began translating national schools to the Latin script . It lasted until 1940, when the current schedule began to operate , built on the Russian alphabet. These constant changes in the alphabet written considerably hampered the development of the Kazakh language and complicated the work of schools and the effectiveness of learning the Kazakh language. In the 20s , the school system is based on a wide network of primary schools, designed to quickly prepare the younger generation to a more productive professional work . This allowed almost 5 times to raise the percentage of students reach of children and to bring it to 18% in 1923 . to 96% in 1935. Along with general education schools of the younger generation in schools has received factory training ( trade schools ) , schools , short courses , although it is only alleviate the problems, but do not remove it .

Literature:

1. SAKR, F. 31, D.96, L.23; D. 112, L.44; D.293, L.13, L.15.

2. SANKR, F.22, Op.1, D.875, L.357; D.879, L.123.; F.5, Op.1, D.15, L.114, 118.

3. Suleimenov R.B. The great October and cultural reorganizations in Kazakhstan // The great October in Kazakhstan. A., 1977, c. 159-162.

4. Statistical collection Kazakh SSR for 20 years.