D.t.n. Kushnir V.G., k.t.n. Benyukh O.A., magistrant Chursinov M.V.

Kostanay state university by A. Baitursynov, Kazakhstan

Wind energy for water lifting mechanization

One of the reserves to reduce the cost of mechanization of lifting water in a pasture - the use of renewable sources which are currently most developed in practical terms, is wind power. 

  The work of wind water-lifting systems is greatly influenced by the speed and magnitude of the wind. Evaluated and used to work the automatic control system and the orientation of the wind direction.

  When comparing the results of laboratory tests and the data given in the instructions manual water lifting units are defined parameter deviations from the design.

  During production testing Fixed time and downtime, outages and causes problems, the amount raised by the installation and discharge water, the volume and nature of work troubleshooting breakdowns, the lubrication conditions at the sites of installation. After the end of seasonal work in order to determine the technical condition of cars conduction ed final examination.

  Modern designs of wind turbines with a rotor diameter of 3...4 m allow for the design wind speed of 7...8 m/s, to receive power about 1...2 kWt, which is perfectly acceptable for the practice of technical, economic and operational performance [1].

  The main factor determining the feasibility of wind-water lifting plants - wind power characteristics. In performan research data on wind conditions, which were obtained in the process.

  The yearly average is only an approximate criterion for evaluating the applicability of the wind in the area. The most important to know the rates of recurrence, as it characterizes the wind energy side.

  To determine the values of wind speed in the pastures were used materials 10...15 - year observations from meteorological stations. The processing of these materials obtained data on annual average, and the average monthly-averaged wind speeds.

  The use of wind energy is considered promising in areas where the average annual wind speed is greater than 3,5...4 m/s [2].

  Equally important is the daily intensity of wind speeds. For material weather and our observations revealed that the most part, the pasture area to 13 hours is an amplification of wind speed.

  In studying the possibility of using wind energy for water lifting mechanization should take into account changes in the mean wind speed by season. On-averaged wind speeds can be more accurate to determine the possibility of using wind in the area.

  In azhnoe importance during the onset of the minimum intensity of wind energy, the relative deviation of the intensity in the different seasons of the long-term nature and the seasonal variability of the wind. These factors have been studied in detail. It should be noted that the maximum intensity of the wind on the territory of Kazakhstan is observed in the spring, and the lowest - in the autumn season. The maximum relative deviation of the intensity of the long-term average wind speed, according to the most weather takes place in the autumn season.

  We handled weather station observations, which showed increased wind speeds. However, the start time and enhancing its extension to determine on their basis is impossible. It is believed that at the time of observation every four winds continued for 6 hours According to our observations, the increased wind speed starts at about 6...7 hours. Am and lasts for 14...16 hours.

  If you know the zero wind speed at which the unit is starting to work, according to the measurement of wind speeds for each hour you can determine the time of wind water-lifting systems. For example, if _a V = 4 m/s plant in the summer during the day will be run for 12 hours, and in the fall - 9 pm. These data confirm once again the thought of the possibility of using low-power wind-water lifting units in the system of mechanized water in pastures. In practice, it is proved that, thanks to daylight increased wind speeds, low-speed wind turbine with a water-pump belt ataveraged wind speeds of 2,5 m/s provides water to a flock of sheep 750…800 head.

  For efficient use of wind turbines is essential for the wind speed V, at which they begin to work. This is especially important in the pastures where the average annual wind speed is 2,5 to 4,5 m/s.

  A comparison of the calculated and the actual frequency-averaged wind speeds for wind speeds (summer and autumn seasons) gave the following correlation coefficients: for the summer season - 0,98, for the fall - 0,97. Since the coefficients are high, according to the equations, we can calculate not only the annual frequency of wind speed operating, but the seasonal recurrence [3].

  The prospect of wind energy depends on the maximum duration of working and non-working periods of wind turbines. So important is the nature of alternation of working and non-working wind speeds. Because regardless of the duration of calm, cattle grazing should be provided with water, the wind turbine during periods of working wind speed must store water for a period of calm. Duration of the period with non-working wind speed - one of the factors that allow to determine the approximate volume of the storage tank for water.

  From the above it can be tentatively concluded that a large part of the territory of Kazakhstan there are favorable conditions for the use of low-power wind-water-lifting systems. However, for a final decision to determine the production of energy or the total water supply units for different values of average annual wind speeds and to compare these data with the required water demand. Only then can confidently talk about the possibility of practical application of some type wind turbine. The total production of wind turbines, despite the marginal water sources is high, so in almost all cases, consumers are provided with water, if the population is less than 1000 individuals.

  According to the research of the wind regime and calculated data in a large pasture area there are favorable conditions for the use of wind energy to the mechanization of water rise from water sources.

Literature

1. Shefter Ya.I. Vetroenergeticheskie agregaty. M.: Mashinostroenie, 1972.

2. Khellenov O.B. Opredelenie optimalnogo rezerva sistemy mekhanizirovannogo vodosnabzheniya na pustynnykh pastbishchakh. - Probl.osv, pustyn, 1981, №1.

3. Shefter Ya.I. Ispolzovanie energii vetra. M.: Energiya, 1975.