EPIZOOTIC SITUATION OF BRUCELLOSIS OF CATTLE AND WAYS OF PREVENTION IN KAMYSTY DISTRICT KOSTANAY REGION

R. K. Tuyakova associate professor, candidate of vet. Sciences,

Kostanay state university named after A. Baitursynov

Animal husbandry takes extremely important position in productive structure of agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Big role of successful development takes by the vet actions, which can provide prosperity of infectious and parasitical diseases.

One of those diseases, bringing big economical loss is brucellosis. In infectious pathology of animals it takes first place. [1].

Loss that making by brucellosis is aggravating by people’s illness, which leads to loss of workability, moreover to lifelong disability. Except animals, birds, reptile, amphibians and even fish are receptive.

Annual revelation of positively reacting animals on brucellosis in separate districts of Kamysty district indicates about extremely unsustainable situation concerning this kind of infection and about real possibility of forming centers of brucellosis with different extents of activity of manifestation epizootic and endemic processes in economy. Due to this it is still stays actual the question concerning perfection of system of veterinary observation over brucellosis in non manifesting conditions of centers with latent circulation of causative agent and high risked of human infection. [2].

Object of this research was epizootic monitoring of brucellosis of cattle in fences of Kamysty district Kostanay region.

For the clarification of epizootic situation in Kamysy district I have made an analysis of different planes and kinds of veterinary documents. It became clear that number of unfavourable points of brucellosis of cattle have not been reduced and in every single district at the diagnostic researches from year to year infected animals are finding. Moreover, during the analysis of epizootic situation we found out, that number of infected animals in 2012 have been reduced in comparison with 2010 from 502 heads till 252, we consider it to be as a good sign.

Within Kamysty district in 2010 amount of cattle was about 30 000 heads, total number of cattle have been subjected to research for identification of the pathologic agent which compose 100 %. Positive reacting animals were 502 heads which is 1.6 %. In 2011 have been researched 30 600 heads of cattle, positive animals on brucellosis were 264 heads or 0,8%. In 2012 32 300 heads of cattle have been researched, positive 252 or 0,7%. Positive dynamic is the fact that in comparison with previous years, amount of positively reacting animals have been reduced.

Making an analysis of epizootic situation in 3 years we have found out that the amount of positively reacting animals on brucellosis in private sector is higher than in animals which belong to the Limited Partnership (look table1).

Table 1. Comparative description sick animals in private sector and in Limited Partnership Kamysty district.

Name	2010		2011		2012
	Total number	Positive	Total number	Positive	Total number	Positive
LP	12038	173	12124	86	13265	78
Private sector	17962	329	18476	178	19035	174

Thus: within three years of analysis in Kamysty district have been found 1018 heads positively reacting animals. Epizootic situation of brucellosis of cattle in Kamysty district have been reduced in 2012 in comparison with 2011 on 1,1 times, in 2012 rather 2010 in 2,1 times.

Separation and slaughter infected animals have brought total economical loss in sum 10680,0 tenge or 42.38 per one positive head. The spending amount for one head of brucellosis prevention is 589. 5 tenge or 18. 2 times less. In the structure of the economical loss 99,44 % comes from necessitate slaughter, reduction of productivity, quality reduction of animal products, deficiency offspring, 0.55% spending for research and disinfection.

Nowadays, in the Kamysty district the animal’s brucellosis prevention consists of systematic integrated livestock studies, isolation and killing the exposed infected animals. When district veterinary inspector reveals the sick animal in a herd, he gives the owner prescription with seven-day deadline to kill animal. If owner of sick animal will disobey the given veterinary prescription he will be penalized according to the legislation.

In addition, the place where sick animals have been kept is exposed to disinfection. The most widespread resources for disinfection are 20 percent compound of slaked lime, 3 percentage hot caustic natron solution, 3 percentage hot solution of chamois-carbolic mixture, 3 percentage hot solution of calcified soda. Also apply 5-% solution of creolin, 10-% solution of Lysol, 5-% solution of phenol.

It is necessary to avoid the contact of healthy animals with unfavourable population, which epizootic description doubtful or unknown. The strict accounting and animal numeration are essential. Необходим строгий учет и нумерация животных. The special control is required for decontamination of milk and skim milk. It is required in husbandry to have pasteurized point to neutralize infection agent. The private individuals who sell dairy products in markets have to pass the vet-sanitary examination.

Reference

1. Smagulov A. K and others, quality and safety of agriculture food production, Almaty, 2002.-543

2. Dimov S. K. Problems of optimization control and epizootic process brucellosis in modern conditions // Works Sev. SRIH&V Petropavlovsk, 2003. C.2. P. – P. 18-24.

3 Dimov S. K. Theory and practice of optimization versus epizootic systems veterinary of Siberia, 2000.№ 4. - P. 23-25