ФИЛОСОФИЯ / 6.Философия науки

Elkhova Oxana Igorevna, Doctor of Philosophy , associate professor, Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Bashkir State University, Russia.

The problem of modeling of self-consciousness in artificial intelligence

The article carried a philosophical analysis of the problem of modeling consciousness in systems with artificial intelligence, assessed the present state of the art research. Artificial intelligence is a continuation of the technical and instrumental man amplifier his physical and mental capabilities. Creating artificial intelligence caused by development of engineering and technical base and respective human knowledge about consciousness and natural intelligence.

For the study of consciousness and natural intelligence information approach is effective. «Information» is a meta-category in content, allows not only formal but also semantic and pragmatic description. In this connection the phenomena of consciousness and brain processes get their presentation and explained in terms of the information process [1, p. 96]. However, the information approach indicates significant differences of natural and artificial, which entails considerable difficulty modeling artificial intelligence modeled naturally. Yes, cybernetic machines took over much of the iconic converting operations are executed before this exclusively human brain. Equivalent to when the invention of mechanical machines allowed transferring technology typical operations of physical activity of the person. Since the emergence of computers allowed passing on the technique formalized mental operations of consciousness, it is completely obvious that the machine is capable of producing these operations faster and more perfect than the man himself. Currently, artificial intelligence gathering strength and competes with the man in the creative plan, an example of a combinatorial machine creativity in music. Although the machine has and composes music, but be aware of the results of their creations, she, alas, cannot. Meanwhile, the human consciousness corresponds to the multiplicity of semantic-linguistic means. So, sign-language tools in addition to figurative language include unconsciously-figurative language, machine reproduction of which is problematic.

It is quite reasonable question arises of how the multiplicity of symbolic and linguistic resources, and their interaction can be modeled in an artificial engine options? Very important is also the fact that the implementation of the relationship of sign-language means implies the ability of a person to acts of self-awareness and reflection.

One of the main problems of artificial intelligence is to create systems that are capable of self-awareness and awareness of the world around them, self-knowledge of their internal states and properties. In fact, the problem lies in the modeling of such artificial «I», which has reflection. By reflection we think an informed mapping content cash phenomena of subjective reality. With the help of reflection and self-reflection to carry out operations aimed activity of «I». Self-reflection leads to self-realization, people, solving their problems in life, tend to reject the hard way of the «I», is committed to building its mobile and changing equivalent, evolving with each new life situation. Is in the range «here and now», «I» is not aware of and do not overlook yourself completely. On the one hand, this is caused by the multidimensionality content. On the other hand, the important is the fact that the «I» is directed to the future, carries the potential of creativity as the possibility of a new «I» that has changed as a result of the development. «I» always goes beyond the «current present».

Conscious human activity can be described as dialogic. Man constantly monitors and evaluates himself, enters into an argument with myself, trying to look at ourselves, is assessing a variety of development projects themselves, which entails the possibility of self-improvement. The human «I», showing continuity, is unity in multiplicity, but its content is multidimensional, multifaceted, unfolding in time and explicates itself for itself [2, p.93].

In scientific discourse, the term «reflection» is often used in the sense of identity that is not quite true. The concepts of «reflection» and «identity», of course, are similar, but not identical. If denotes the reflection activities aimed at human consciousness, it is an object of the inner subjective world of human consciousness that represents the state of consciousness that reflects the integrity of the person, in its unity of the subjective and the objective, ideal and material.

The current model of artificial intelligence, alas, still limited and imperfect. Simulation of intelligent systems with reflection and self-awareness requires significant interdisciplinary efforts in their construction. Although the scientific discourse can be found work where mental properties are attributed to computers and other technical devices, but the adequacy of such conceptual constructs cannot speak. Obvious that the problems in artificial intelligence much is unclear, is there white spots which await clarification in the future.

In conclusion, evaluating the present state of the art research, you can most definitely conclude that the ability to acts of self-awareness and reflection of the machine, of course, do not possess. If the main feature of conscious activity is intentionality, the artificial intelligence it does not, it does not own conscious experience and not self-aware. Developments in the field of artificial intelligence certainly highlight key aspects of the problematic relations of natural and artificial intelligence highlights the unique fundamental properties of human consciousness. Prospects, in our opinion, may be of the application of the fractal approach to the study of the nature of consciousness. Fractal approach has already shown its effectiveness for the description of many of the natural world. In the last decade, foreign and Russian scientists carried out attempts to apply this approach in the analysis and creation of artificial objects. On the possibility of creating artificial systems that have self-awareness and reflection judged prematurely. Obviously, that requires substantial theoretical study of this issue.

References:

1. Dubrovskiy D.I. Problema «soznanie i mozg»: informatsionnyiy podhod // Znanie. Ponimanie. Umenie. М., 2013. № 4. S. 92-98.

2. Dubrovskiy D.I. Problema idealnogo. Sub'ektivnaya realnost. M.: Kanon + , 2002. 368 s.