Improving the level of graduate doctors in specialty «Dentistry»

State Establishment “Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy of Health Ministry of Ukraine”

Associate Professor Therapeutic Dentistry Department

Kaiukova Vira Dmitrievna

614.23:616.314:377.44

Summary. Represented method of organization educational process allows combine theoretical knowledge andpractical skills of graduate doctors in specialty "Dentistry". This method helps improve the quality of practical skills and knowledge of graduates as well as for final exam, and for independent practice.

Key words: graduate doctors, orthodontics, dentistry, educational process.

Introduction. Contemporary level of medical science and the high demands on the educational system for preparation of qualified specialists require improvement of educational technology and instructional techniques in the teaching process. Each specialty is a kind personal sector, as developed by the general laws of the educational processsometimes cause unforeseen difficulties. Goals in formation of psychological personality traits that are inherent to the profession orthodontist, require to consider that in development of volume, forms and methods of training to ensure notonly the best of learning, but for a real understanding of the profession. Orthodontics - quite a complicated branch of dentistry that studies the causes and patterns of development of dentoalveolar anomalies, methods of diagnosis, methods of prevention and treatment of anomalies of the teeth, the form of the dental arches, occlusion, managing the growth of the jaws, the normalization of the functions of dental system, eliminating aesthetic disorders. This importanttopic is included in the curriculum of the specialty "Dentistry". As a special moment of orthodontics there is long-term treatment of patients which visit the doctor sometimes for a one and half till two and more years. In this regard, there are some difficulties, which can reduce the quality of teaching at orthodontic section. Firstly - the duration oforthodontic treatment does not allow medical graduators to observe completely the course of treatment of the samepatient as well as to evaluate long-term results of the treatment. Secondly it is not possible to prepare for educational process patients with all types of orthodontic pathology.

Goals. Develop a methodology to enhance the quality of training of graduators as for final examination, and for independent practice .

Subjects and methods. To solve the problem there where developed the job, complete with a set that uses the following composition.

1. Each patient observed during the active therapy by evaluating pre-treatment and post-treatment study models. They are necessary for the diagnosis, treatment plan, monitoring the dynamics of treatment. Control-diagnostic models of the jaws are necessary for the evaluation of dental arches form, occlusal contacts of palatal and lingual cusps, the degree of overlap of the front, occlusal curve, in addition, the presence of defects dentition allow us to study the slope of the teeth, limiting defect and assess their displacement. Just medical interns can produce anthropometric measurements at security diagnostic model of the jaw. In particular, use the method Pona, Korhgauza, Ton, Snaginoy, Hauleya-Gerber-Herbst, Lindt, etc. Control-diagnostic models of the jaws must be provided in the position of central occlusion, which is fixed bite block made of dental wax. Lack of rollers does not allow graduators to properly compare models of the upperand lower jaw, especially when such severe dentoalveolar anomalies, as an open, cross-distal bite that makes the diagnosis and treatment plan.

2. X-rays: Panoramic intraoral radiography, Cephalometric analysis, Bite-wing allow to assess the condition of the jawbone, the degree of formation of the roots of teeth, the presence and position of the retention teeth, the presence ofsupernumerary teeth.

3. Photos: Pictures from the front face, profile, intraoral images. Photos allow us to estimate the facial features of pathological types of malocclusion, explore width of the face, implement profilometry.

4. Diagnostic results of calculations performed on the control and diagnostic model of the jaw, Cephalometric analysisand photographs can be used as a reference to the doctor-graduator could independently assess the results of their work.

5. Summary from the medical history with the diagnosis, treatment cycles, a description of the equipment, the conclusions related professionals, if the patient was sent to such. For example, a dental surgeon, pediatrician,otolaryngologist, speech therapist, psychologist.

6. Measuring devices (calipers, rulers), table Pon, Ton, Korkhauza.

This information is just stored electronically and is used in the learning process.

Results. During the educational process of graduators, in addition to patients care receive assignments in accordance with the topic. Through anthropometric calculations on photos, control and diagnostic models, acquainted with the history, they make their own conclusions on the basis of which is diagnosed, develop a treatment plan of thematic patient, offer options for orthodontic appliances and methods of correction of functional disorders, if such occurred. This is followed by discussion and debate, during which considered the reference calculation results, as well as control and diagnostic models and photographs of patients after completion of orthodontic treatment.

We focus graduators on legal aspect of orthodontic. They should clearly understand that the law guarantees the right of the patient to get acquainted with the medical documentation that reflects the state of his health, to obtain informationin an accessible form for him and getting on her consultation with other specialists. The patient by his request can receive copies of the documents which reflect the state of his health. Original documents can be withdrawn only by the investigating authorities. During the performance of graduators skills they have the opportunity not only to improve thetheoretical knowledge and practical skills, but also their own draw the appropriate conclusions, arguments to justifytheir views on the practical aspects of diagnosis and treatment of dentofacial anomalies and deformities, improve theirknowledge in legal matters.

Conclusions. We use a method of organizing the educational process cycle graduatorship in specialty "Dentistry"maximizes combine theoretical knowledge and practical skills orthodontic section, as well as doing independent workof graduators more interesting. This helps improve the quality of medical graduators as for final examination, and for independent practice.

References

1. Актуальне вопросы ортопедической стоматологии для послевузовского образования: Учебно-методическое пособие / Под ред. Т.И. Ибрагимова. – Москва: «Практическая медицина», 2007. – 255 с.

2. Вороненко Ю.В., Бойченко Т.Є. Стратегії і методи навчання в післядипломній медичній освіті. – Київ: «Вересень», 2004. – 159 с.

3. Клемин В.А. Диагностическая модель челюсти. – Москва, 2006. – 256 с.

4. Куроедова В. Д. Роль моделей челюстей в ортодонтическом лечении / В.Д. Куроедова, Р. Рейнхардт, В.Б.Рудь. Полтава.: Верстка, 2009 – 44 с.

5. Соколова И.И. Развитие научно-исследовательской деятельности у врачей-интернов / И.И. Соколова, Е.Г. Денисова //Современная стоматология. – 2010. - № 4 – С. 58-60.

6. Хорошилкина Ф.Я. Ортодонтия. Дефекты зубов, зубных рядов, аномалии прикуса, морфофункциональные нарушения в челюстно-лицевой области и их комплексное лечение / Ф.Я Хорошилкина – М.:ООО «МИА», 2010. – 592 с.

7. Хорошилкина Ф.Я. Ортодонтия. Профилактика и лечение функциональных, морфологических и эстетических нарушений в зубочелюстнолицевой области: Кн.. 4 / Ф.Я. Хорошилкина, Л.С. Персии, В.П. Окушко-Калашникова -М.: Ортодент - Инфо, 2005. - 454с.
8. Чулак Л.Д. Застосування навчальних посібників з самостійної роботи студентів і портфоліо в навчальному процесі на кафедрі ортопедичної стоматології ОНМедУ / Л.Д. Чулак, А.О. Бас, В.Г. Шутурмінський // Медична освіта. – 2013. - №3. – С.109-113.