Ýêîíîìè÷åñêèå
íàóêè/ 2.Âíåøíåýêîíîìè÷åñêàÿ äåÿòåëüíîñòü.
Sekachova M.
Vlasova I.
Donetsk state university of economics and trade
after Michael Tugan-Baranovsky, Ukraine
Ukrainian-greek ekonomic relations: developing new directions.
The economic relations
between Greece and Ukraine develop as a constitute part of integration
processes between Ukraine and the European Union. This problem is under the
research of Ukrainian and Greek scientists, especially O I Amoshna, O. M.
Dyomina, N. J. Konishcheva, Y. V. Makohon, O. A. Slisarenko N A Terentyeva, S.
V. Myakushko, E. Siskos. Some results of the research were summed up at the
International Scientific-Practical Conference «The Development of the
Hellenes in Ukraine from the 18 to the 21 Century» held on 21-23 of May, 2007,
in Mariupol (Ukraine) [1].
Meanwhile, it is worth
to admit that the absolute majority of scientific publications are mainly of
ascertaining and informational type. In these publications, trade statistics
and investment activity between the countries are shown and structural
components detailed.
The development of
Ukrainian-Greek economic relations should be built with consideration for
peculiarities of their economies.
It seems that today
emerges a need in transition to a qualitatively new stage of relations, - when
the cooperation in science and education takes on the form of large-scale
programs. They should be oriented at significant qualitative changes in the
economic and export structures of both countries, as well as leadership on the
world market in at least one new direction or at least one new product capable
of generating high demand. For this, the countries should define the sphere in
which it is possible to make a significant breakthrough in science and
technology, and to find all the needed recourses for common organizational,
personnel, and financial support of the project .
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) defines
the following four industries as science-intensive: aerospace industry; computer
and office equipment manufacturing; production of electronic mass media; and
pharmaceutics industry [2]. A more detailed classification of science-intensive
technologies and products is provided by the US Statistical Department. It
contains ten items: genetics-based biotechnology; medical technology other than
biotechnology (nuclear resonance imaging, echocardiography, etc.);
optoelectronics; computers and telecommunications; electronics; flexible automated
production modules and machine-lines with computer numerical control, robots,
automated transport vehicles; new materials including transistors, optical
fibres and cables, videodisks, composites; aerospace; armament and nuclear
technologies [3: 12].
Not less attractive is
the development of cooperation of Ukraine and Greece in the sphere of
international science-intensive services, which according to OECD
classification include five industries: modern types of communications,
financial services, education, public healthcare, and so-called business services,
which include software engineering, contracted research and research work,
consulting, marketing, and other services used in business organization and
management. For example, the services of Ukrainian doctors in the sphere of
dentistry and physiotherapy could have significant success in western countries.
Today ex-Ukrainian citizens often request such services as they are well
acquainted with their quality and price level.
The structure of trade
in services between Ukraine and Greece shows almost fully undeveloped no trade
in educational services. This is true even under condition that many higher and
secondary educational establishments have direct contacts and find much useful
in the educational systems of each country. Therefore, exports and imports of
educational services within the frames of Ukrainian-Greek relations, including
exports to third countries, is a very perspective though very poorly developed
direction. Consider the most evident arguments in favors of this assertion.
A new approach
should be worked out and realized in the sphere of tourism. In 2005 Ukraine
accounted for $1.0ml of exports and $3.5ml of imports of statistical item
«travels» in Greece. It
seems that the majority of these receipts come from labour
migrants. At the same time, Greece is not among the Ukrainians' popular tourist
destinations and v.v., the evidence of it being the prevailing demand of
Ukrainian tourists for tourist offers to Turkey and Egypt.
Perspective enough could be the common business of Ukrainian and Greek tourist firms
in organizing tours to ancient Greek cities located in Ukraine (Chersoneses,
Peloponnesus, etc). The
market for such tours could be quickly advertised with tourists spending
vacations in Greece. As for economic relations of Ukraine and Greece as a
historically continuous process, we should admit that they always served to
economic development of both countries. In the XXIst century, global community
is solving the problems of building post-industrial society, which changes the
system of international economic relations. Thus, economic relations between
Ukraine and Greece should develop with consideration for new global development
tendencies, especially those connected with formation of the knowledge economy.
Greece and Ukraine
often hold significant intergovernmental forums where important treaties are
signed. Nevertheless, already today we should realize that common economic,
historical and spiritual roots in the development of the two countries need a large cooperation program should be realized with sufficient financial, political and organizational
support in order to cardinally change the size of mutual benefit.
Bibliography
1. The Development of the Hellenes in Ukraine
from the 18 - to the 21 Century
// Conference Proceedings. - Mariupol, 2007.
2. Íàóêîåìêèå òåõíîëîãèè è
èõ ðîëü â ñîâðåìåííîé ýêîíîìèêå // Ðîññèéñêèé ôîíä ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûõ èññëåäîâàíèé
//http://www.rfbr.ru/ default.asp?doc_id=5767
3. Science and Engineering Indicators. 2000,
National Science Board. -Wash., 2000.-Chapter 7.