Yanchenko I. V.
Siberian Federal
University
Career
competence as a phenomenon of education
The concept of
"career competencies", which appeared in the works of foreign
psychologists (N. Betz, F. Borgen, G. Hackett), have been developed by Russian
researchers in the areas of psychological research acmeologic determining the
nature and structure of career competency as part of professional competence (Е. А. Могилевкин, Е. В. Садон) sociological
research career competence of graduates, young professionals, managers,
psychological research evaluation and career development of staff competence (А. С. Бажин) study of organizational conditions for increasing
personnel expertise preschool agencies through the development of "career
competence" of the teacher, regarded as the highest level of
career-building (Н. В. Никитина). Formed the
theoretical basis to study the career competency lies in the psychology and
sociology, and raises issues of employment of university graduates and sets the
strategic objective of the need to accumulate and develop competence in the
career stage of higher education for employability and effective performance of
professional activities throughout life. Turning to the analysis of the nature
and structure of career competence as pedagogical phenomenon, we come to the
following findings and conclusions:
1. Educational
research related to the realization of the process of obtaining higher
education, as the beginning of the formation of the graduates of the future
career is not enough, while preparing graduates main role is played by the
orientation of the formation of a competent, competitive person, having the
direction of a successful career in their chosen field of activity.
2. Pedagogical
aspect of career personality associated with its striving for self-realization,
self-development and expression of creativity, self-awareness and
self-assessment of their own ability to achieve success in life.
3. Disclosure of
the term "the career competencies of student's "start with concepts
such as "career", "competence", "career
competencies":
· Career - purposeful
process and result of the formation of human life path, including the drive to
succeed, self-realization, the accumulation and development of its competence,
accompanied by reflexive vision of himself and his place in the system of
professional relations;
· Competence - the
result of the synergistic effect of the assignment of competencies and personal
qualities of the man who appears in the activity and is critical to achieving
success in it;
· Career Competence -
integrative quality of personality that characterizes her desire, willingness
and ability to realize the potential in the way the social and professional
activities [1].
4. The structure of
the career competencies will be determined in accordance with the established
structure of competence in teaching science:
· Motivation and
values component is
characterized by an interest in professional activities, awareness of its
importance, a positive attitude to build a career, there is a requirement to be
with people that are relevant for life and career achievement motives relevant
to early career, motivation needed to manage people , the presence of the
hierarchy of career orientations corresponding to the style of activities
performed as one of the most important conditions for career success,
· Cognitive component
- the realization of educational activities as the initial stage of a career,
the knowledge requirements for the results of development of basic educational
programs, the availability of knowledge about the characteristics of
professional activities, including the occupational field, facilities and
professional activities, professional goals, and the availability of knowledge
on the possible ways of careers and skills required for a successful career,
which allows to predict, plan a career, the presence of emotional intelligence,
as a condition of productive relationships in the team,
· Active components -
the inclusion of education on the stage of professional education and
professional activities as a subject striving for career advancement in the
organization of activities for the retention and development of their skills,
promote career success, self-actualization, as the process of updating its
features aimed at development of the necessary competencies to implement a
career in their chosen field of activity, the presence of high self-efficacy,
which is an important condition for its personal and professional development
and career advancement, career planning, during which students define goals,
clarify values and opportunities,
define the steps to achieve the goals that this creates an emotionally
appealing image life perspective,
· Reflective
component is manifested in the ability to adequately assessing their own
opportunities for professional growth and career development, the capacity for
reflection in order to overcome the crisis of career, career problems and
solutions to achieve satisfying individual careers.
All components of
the career competencies has a acmeological orientation. We justify this by the fact
that the phenomenon of "career": associated with the orientation of
the progressive development of human, creative self-realization in the sphere
of social and professional activities, career success, self-esteem,
self-awareness, self-education, self-education, self-determination,
self-actualization, the desire to achieve "peaks" - "acme."
5. Formation of
career competency - a process whose result can be described criteria and levels
of formation. Considering the structure of the career competencies as the unity
of its components, will assess the extent of its formation by criteria relevant
components of the career competencies: motivational-value, cognitive, activity,
reflective and evaluative. Projected levels of formation of career competency:
the intuitive, standard and active.
To overcome the
negative effects of adaptation and successful career development of university
graduates is becoming urgent task of forming a career competence of students of
the university in the process of obtaining higher education.
References
1.
Осипова С. И., Янченко И. В.
Карьерная компетентность как предмет педагогического исследования
[Текст] / С.И. Осипова, И. В. Янченко //Вестник
КемГУ – 2012. № 3 (51). – С. 135-141.