Logvinov Alexey Andreevich

State budget educational institution of secondary vocational training college social workers № 16, Director,

Russia, Moscow

Summary: The presented results of the sociological investigation are based on the revealed youth’s interests to socio-cultural traditions and contemporary way of life.

Key words: youth, culture, capital megalopolis, tradition, innovation, sociological experiment.

Sociocultural aspect of capital megalopolis youth’s priorities: traditions and innovations

Talking about general characteristics of the metropolitan youth as a carrier of certain value consciousness, it is necessary to consider not only the components that display typical for it phenomenon of urban culture, but also the features of urban forms of social life used by the older generation. Differences between capital’s young people and the older residents show themselves in the interaction of tradition and innovation, in the proportion of these two factors in lifestyles, values.

Tradition, according to scientific works, is a concept that constantly used by sociologists, anthropologists, politics, etc. Traditions are developing and relaying, absorbing the knowledge of the different standards of behavior, culture, ideas, passed on from one generation to another within a particular group. "Dictionary of modern sociological vocabulary" defines "tradition" as a set of ideas, customs, habits and skills of practical and social activities, passed on from one generation to another, and one of the regulators of social relations [2, p. 365].

Traditionality as a quality of culture that connects people by certain formal signs, meanings, passed on from one generation to another. Moreover, each generation accepts something created before as the primary basis of life. Then person, developing his own priorities, reinvents the past experience and borrows the elements that match the current reality. Russian culture expert Kolbun notes that the youth environment - is the widest audience for which the acquisition and formation of cultural innovations is the essential feature of life. Willingness to a new perception, which is strong at the young age, slackens while the person becomes older. In this regard, the urban environment makes it easier to access and learn how to use innovative achievements of culture and technology. In addition, the consumer society, rapidly emerging in Russia, especially in the cities, it encourages just the consumption of novelty [2, p. 71-76]. Doctor of educational science Nevmerzhitskaya, the author of several innovative techniques, defines innovation as the creative potential of the individual and group, the purposeful design and organization of the process of education and training in order to create most comfortable conditions for the development of the personality with direct involvement into the process.

The results of a sociological experiment of identifying items that bring young people and the older generation together (participants - residents of Moscow, 156 people. And St. Petersburg, 98 people.), show that honesty, kindness, and compassion are the most important personal qualities for the 25 5% of respondents, while raising children, creating a strong family are important for 13.2% of the respondents. Purpose dedication, communication skills, commitment to education (studying in universities, which is confirmed by sociological data: distribution of high schools along the territory of Russia is uneven, the two capitals - Moscow and St. Petersburg, present nearly one third of Russian students (22.5%) of full-time and part-time forms [1]); efficiency was named by more than 58% of respondents, which is a necessary requirement of the modern world. There is a need to note particular qualities named by the inhabitants of the capital megalopolis, which are also included in the group of the communication-information spectrum, such as communication with parents via e-mail, instant messaging, voice and over the Internet, etc.

An analytical report prepared by the Institute of Sociology in cooperation with the Friedrich Ebert Foundation in the Russian Federation "Youth of the new Russia: lifestyle and value priorities" (2007) notes that today the concept of morality and ethics, according to young people, often has anachronistic character, use that - means to be doomed to failure. The object of study, conducted by a special sociological questionnaire (formalized interview), included two groups: basic, in fact young people aged 17 to 26 years inclusive (all amount of interviewed people is 1796) and a control one that represented the older generation aged 40 to 60 years (only 655 people were surveyed). In the survey less than half of young respondents (46%) agree with the statement that nowadays we live in a completely different world, different from what was before, and many of the traditional moral standards are outdated. The opposite view is held by the majority of young people - 54% believe that the basic moral norms are not affected by the time and are always urgent and up-to-date. Meanwhile, almost one-third of respondents of older age (31%) recognize that moral standards "grow old" and do not meet modern requirements and rhythm.

Priority values for most of the capital's youth are family, and work in a particular variation, when the work is desired and interesting, or when it enables to achieve material prosperity. Accordingly, a specific type of aspirations of young people, on the one hand, is formed in the capital city environment, and on the other hand, affects the behavioral practices of young people, particularly, education, career choices, etc.

Expecting to succeed in life, boys and girls generally mean wealth (70% of respondents), and discredit the achievements of the older generation, particularly, their parents (above all - the economic aspect). In this case, as is known, in the big cities the portion of specialists with higher education and businessmen is higher than portion of workers in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

This analysis leads to the conclusion that the formation of Russian youth human capital is influenced by several factors, including the very significant one – the place of residence. In the capital megalopolis young men and women have access to different kinds of educational services, which provide a great opportunity to obtain return on investment in education facilities, as well as contribute to the creation of social capital, including the meetings and maintenance of personal relationships that may affect the successful employment, promotion, career ladder, etc. In this case, the older generation, in contrast to today's youth, is more conservative, which is natural in view of its experience - it doesn’t like to take risks, to stand out, not used to count only on themselves, which is different from characteristics of today's youth that actively announce their life plans. However, both generations combine such attitudes as: creating good family, raising children, and respect for the traditions and culture of the country they live in. Though migration flows into metropolitan society at a low efficiency of the administrative and social management of migration processes cause some adverse effects (spontaneous migration, the prevalence of mass media publications, shaping negative public relation to migrants who are members of non-Slavic ethnic groups, etc.), the total population of the city of Moscow is gradually increased by 0.1-0.2% per year, mainly due to the inflow of migrants from other regions and countries of the CIS. [4]

The increased interest of young people in the capital megalopolis includes the field of computer technology and information communication, which create new practices, forms of culture and methods of its development. Interactivity, information and variety are the main characteristics of the computer culture and generated by it virtual reality that attract young people and form a particular set of values.

It is well known that now the computer and the Internet, as active elements of the modern culture, are being developed by different age groups: computer game craze, staying on specialized internet portals, communication via facebook are an alternative forms of verbal and non-verbal communication by way of communicating in Real-time chat rooms, forums, social networks. The level of computerization of capital megalopolis inhabitants is quite high due to high-income population, but the other forms of the leisure such as visiting cultural and sporting events, clubs, cafes, bars, fitness center, reading books, etc. don’t have lack for interest among young people.

Thus, the youth environment of the capital megalopolis is characterized by two directions of culture connections, which appears in the consciousness and the behavior of a person who is affected by various factors. The first direction is based on the experience of the older generations, it is inherent in social and cultural traditions, the second is based on the realities of the present, where information and communication technologies are the most important tools for building a culture of the new generation, contributing to the development of world-view, values, lifestyles of today's youth.

Литература:

1. Колбунов Ф.А. Культурный потенциал российского мегаполиса // Этносоциум и межнациональная культура. – 2010. – № 1.

2. Кравченко С.А. Словарь новейшей социологической лексики: теории, понятия, персоналии (с английскими эквивалентами). – М.: МГИМО-Университет, 2011.

3. Невмержицкая Е.В. Эффективность использования инновационных методов и технологий в деятельности межрегионального ресурсного центра строительной отрасли (итоги 3-го этапа реализации Федеральной целевой программы) // Двигатель. – 2012. – № 5 (83 + 243).

4. Постановление Правительства Москвы от 21.08.2007 г. № 711-ПП «О Московской городской целевой миграционной программе на 2008–2010 годы».