Economic sciences /10.Enterprise economy

Senior teacher of Dmitriyev V. R.

Kostanaysky State University of a name of A. Baytursynov, Kazakhstan

Functioning of the market of motor transportation services in the Republic of Kazakhstan

In reforming of economy and implementation of integration with CIS countries and other states of the world community value of transport is invaluable.

Priority of development of transport is defined by geopolitical position of Kazakhstan on a joint of the European and Asian continents. The output and sale of cars in many respects defines dynamics of world economic development, and the level of development of national economy is in many respects caused by a condition of automotive industry.

From the moment of formation of the market of transport services there were structural shifts between different types of transport in transportation of goods and passengers. The share of railway transport, as the cheapest and economic increased. On the second place there is a motor transport - state and private which in total has specific weight in a total amount of transportations of 16%, the share of a passenger turnover makes 34%. As services of the motor transport play a significant role in development of market economy, much attention is

Today the market of transport services passed a stage of formation and gained rapid development as on it, for the first time on transport, privatization and privatization was carried out. It is presented by the enterprises and the companies which on forms of ownership can be subdivided on private, state and mixed.

The state gives to passenger traffic essential support in economically developed countries. It fluctuates from 12 to 70% and it is provided through the municipal or federal budget. Unfortunately, the republican budget soundly to subsidize city passenger traffic not in forces. From here over the last 5 years the number of a rolling stock was reduced to 10 thousand units, and from the remained over 14 thousand buses nearly a half works beyond limits - depreciation. If is more exact, 17% - the term of operation, which till three years, 23% - from three to eight, 60% - over eight years.

Foreign experience shows that observance of interests of the state, in the conditions of the market relations on transport can be reached legal entities and individuals through legislative and legal regulation licensing. The transport inspection of the Republic of Kazakhstan created in 1993 is engaged today in issue of licenses for freight and passenger traffic. It is urged to provide legality and an order on all means of transport. Besides the organization of work of buses of the private and mixed forms of ownership, the transport inspection constantly controls them directly on routes as their activity is connected with life and safety of passengers.

In the republic the market of motor transportation services was already created. He tests surplus of the private companies and the drivers, wishing to transport freights and passengers. For development of the market of motor transportation services it is necessary to provide favorable economic conditions, to create new public institutes, to make use of experience of the countries where this market is widely developed, to solve the problems which have arisen before the motor transportation enterprises. It is necessary to make amendments and changes to the existing legislation, to adopt new laws and the regulations promoting civilized development of the specified market.

Legal basis of formation and development of the market of transport services in Kazakhstan is article 9 of the Law about transport. It says that "the basis of the economic and economic relations on transport is formed by the market of supply and demand of transport services". Here the concept of the market of transport services and need of its formation and functioning of the republic is defined. In the Law on transport the legal basis of the economic relations of subjects of the market is defined. "Transport enterprises and carriers carry out the activity on a commercial basis". They independently develop plans, sign contracts for performance of work and services according to needs of the client.

The main directions of development of the motor transport for the next years will be defined by need of continuation of transition to the market relations with simultaneous restructuring and overcoming of technical lag from economically developed countries.

In the long term growth of sector of low-tonnage cars will remain. Considering that development of economy will stimulate faster development of the cargo motor transport, by 2015 its increase is predicted, the structure of demand will significantly not change in comparison with a present state.

Thus, for development of the market of motor transportation services it is necessary to provide favorable economic conditions, to create new public institutes, to make use of experience of the countries where functioning of the market of motor transportation services is widely developed, to solve the problems which have arisen before transport enterprises. It is necessary to make amendments and changes to the existing legislation, to adopt new laws and the regulations promoting civilized development of the market of transport services. Prospects of development of the Kazakhstan automobile market will be defined in many respects by external factors and a situation in the international markets.

Literature:

1. Bekmukhamedov A.Sh. Parfyonova T.A. About problems of coordination of passenger traffic by the motor transport in the interregional message. - Alma-Ata: Shopping mall scientific research institute, 2001.

2. Transport strategy of the Republic of Kazakhstan till 2015. - Astana: 2006.