Teacher Kovalyonok A.
Kostanay State University of a name of A.Baitursynov, Kazakhstan
Problems of development of cooperation and way
of their decision.
For the last
decades in economy of agro-industrial complex occurred both social, and
economic changes which were connected with many reasons, but the main of them
was that the economy of Kazakhstan from the Soviet Union received expensive
system of state farms and collective farms, in 70 years almost devaluating
concept of economic efficiency.
Characteristic of
an economic reform in Kazakhstan is creation of conditions for formation and
development of multistructure economy by overcoming of the state monopoly for
means of production and developments of variety of forms of ownership and
managing. The multiformity of economy has to be provided with equal coexistence
of the state, collective, private and personal subsidiary farms. One of forms
of collective managing would like to allocate cooperation as a way of
production of qualitative production at insignificant risk and minimizing
expenses. Especially effective this form of housekeeping is for production in
agrarian sector.
Ignoring of the
basic principles of cooperation (voluntariness of membership in cooperative,
democratic character of management, providing the income of members of
cooperative, etc.) led to that conditions to the business owners who have
united two or more legal entities and individuals, having related
communications, for the purpose of association of property property and having
sufficient mortgage property were created.
The initiative of
creation of agricultural cooperative has to proceed "from below",
that is from agricultural producers on a voluntary basis, with passing of a
preparatory stage, creation of pilot projects on working off of the mechanism
of formation and functioning, ensuring the state, regional support, carrying
out information, consulting work among the population on advantages of
agricultural cooperation to farmers, main types of their activity.
For increase of
availability of credit resources it is necessary to provide crediting
development on the security of the land plots. For this purpose creation of the
bank is necessary. It is thus important that the bank granted the loans to
agricultural cooperatives under the business project for long term on
acquisition of technologies, cars, the equipment other purposes. And into
credit cooperative bank in the long term has to enter as the associated member,
bringing with itself monetary resources up to five times more, than the share
fund, under 6% per annum is created.
The regional and
settlement authorities can give in return also target budgetary support to
cooperatives, allocating for this purpose in the budget certain funds, creating
mortgage funds, providing on favorable terms in a tenancy, equipment and other.
For the purpose
of activization of development of rural cooperative movement in areas of
Kazakhstan it is represented to the extremely necessary to provide the
following purposes in the developed programs:
- creation and
expansion in the field of a network of agricultural consumer cooperatives;
- attraction of
the state and other sources of financial resources for stimulation of economic
activity of cooperatives;
- growth of employment of country people and
increase in its income [1].
At creation and
registration of cooperative it is necessary to create initiative group and
organizing committee, then at meeting form the organizing committee for
preparation of the feasibility study on activity of cooperative, determination
of the size of share fund and sources of its education, preparation of the
draft of the charter of cooperative and carrying out the general organizational
meeting of members of cooperative. At the general organizational meeting
decisions on cooperative creation are made, the charter is approved,
cooperative admission to membership is carried out, governing bodies are
elected: chairman, board and supervisory board. Then the state registration by
bodies of the state registration of legal entities in a place cooperative [1]
establishment is carried out.
Despite all difficulties arising at creation or
reorganization of cooperations, production efficiency and high profitability
prevails more.
In
the conclusion it would be desirable to note the main role of rural cooperation
in agrarian sector which consists in providing conditions for association of
people, creation of workplaces and at the same time providing the guaranteed
level of the income. It promotes formation of economically steady enterprises
as unites small agricultural producers and peasants. Expansion of cooperative
activity happens in the form of development is sold - supplying, credit and
other types of cooperation. Thereby, protection of agricultural producers
against exclusive structures, granting to villagers of possibility of purchase
of qualitative and rather cheap goods and various services is provided. Rural
cooperation acts as one of stabilizers of market economy, maintains social
balance in society, forms a basis for organizational restructuring of agrarian
production. Therefore need of development of rural cooperation consists that it
represents an alternative form of the organization of the agrarian sphere of
the economy operating at the same time in interests of producers and consumers which
fruits can use both the enterprises, and house farms. Moreover, consumer cooperation acts as a form of
self-organization of the population based on the principles of mutual support,
the collectivist beginning, a direct unification of household and economic
forms of life.
Literature:
1
. Kazakhstanspektr, 2007, No. 3-Primbetova C. H. "Advantages and need of
development of agricultural cooperation".