Economic sciences / 15 State regulation of economy

Senior teacher Akhmetzhanova B. K.

Kostanaysky state university of a name of A.Baytursynov, Kazakhstan

Developments of the social capital in the region

Now at the level of each certain country there are requirements of ensuring growth of welfare of the population, and in the world markets competitive fight for more and more limited resources becomes aggravated, interest of economists to researches of problems of economic growth objectively amplifies.

On mobilization of various factors of economic growth, i.e. the conditions, capable to provide economic growth, to improve its quantitative and qualitative characteristics, efforts of economic subjects of different level, including leading macroeconomic subjects - business and the state are directed.

In recent years among a set of the factors influencing economic growth, economists started allocating also such specific circumstances as a condition of the social relations, character and quality of communications between various economic subjects, features of business reputations of the economic subjects, the level of trust earned by them from clients and partners, than and relevance of a subject of research speaks.

Research objective is deepening of researches of the nature of the social capital and the directions of its positive influence on development of economy, improvement of the social capital in modern Kazakhstan, identification of opportunities of the formalized expression of influence on economic growth.

Proceeding from the specified purpose, the following tasks are set:

- concept "social capital" formulation, research of its specifics and definition of its place in total different types and the forms of the capital used in modern economic activity;

- definition of characteristics of sources of the social capital and consideration of its structure;

- identification of the main directions of influence of the social capital on economic growth;

- analysis of a current state of the Kazakhstan social capital;

- definition of the main directions of improvement of the social capital in Kazakhstan at various levels.

Emergence of the category "social capital" in many respects coincided with the beginning of new "Golden Age" of the neoclassical theory and prompt development of the theory of the human capital.

The social capital is for the present not absolutely settled scientific concept which is widely used in modern science. "The social capital is a set of the existing or potential resources connected with existence of a steady network of more or less institutionalized relations of mutual acquaintance and recognition, or, in other words, memberships in group" [1].

Based on definition of the social capital, we will try to define its structure, functions, emergence stages.

The base of the social capital are the human relations. In other words, the social capital arises at interaction of several people which can be carried out within a family, in the labor sphere, in education, etc.

The social capital can collect as in the relations developing between friends, neighbors, and between strangers. Important property of the social capital is that if human relations or economic agents stop, the saved-up social capital can be irrevocably lost.

For the last 10 - 15 years in the economic analysis of the social capital will make significant progress and evidences of the importance and value of this resource for economy and society are received. But still there is no sufficient clarity concerning "transmission gears" on which the social capital influences economic results. On the one hand, the social capital keeps order in economy and society on the basis of trust, mutual respect and the account individuals of public interests; in this sense he acts as institutional alternative to the state and makes a direct contribution to economic development in the "horizontal" direction, without state participation.

In recent years the phrase "social capital" became extremely popular, and not only in the scientific environment. However today there is no the uniform concept more exhaustively defining characteristics and criteria of an assessment of the social capital. The problem of accumulation social is considered one of the main not only in theoretical researches of economists, but also in economic policy of the state. In this regard, it is important to reveal factors which will promote not only to accumulation of the capital in the country, but also its growth.

Now researches of factors of growth it is conducted in the widest range. Growth influence not only economic, but sociocultural factors. Moreover, in the conditions of post-industrial society the role of these factors continuously increases [2].

Literature:

1 . Diskin I.E. The social capital in global economy. // Social sciences and present, 2003 No. 5;

2 . Fukuyama F. Doveriye. M.: Publishing house "Keeper", 2006.