PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL FORMATION OF FUTURE TEACHER IN THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF A CREDIT TECHNOLOGY IN HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION
Mahashova Patima, Senior Lecturer
Taraz State Pedagogical Institute, Taraz city
The role of education in the political, socio-economic, technical,
technological and cultural development of society is well known. It is the
educational potential that provides a decent image of the country and its place
in the global community, determines a person's status in society and the nation
in the world, and the high school is the main carrier of intellectual,
scientific and human resources. So all over the world serious attention is paid
to the development of higher education, the role and importance of higher
education institutions in society and more efficient use of their capabilities
in human development. In last decades in almost all regions of the world
extensive and profound transformation of the structure, contents and forms of
higher education have undergone.
Kazakhstan cannot remain outside of the integration processes taking
place in the world in the field of education. Therefore, the Ministry of
Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted a decision to implement the
credit system of education in the universities of the country.
Credit system of education aims at increasing the level of
self-education and creative development of knowledge-based customization on the
basis of individualization and election of the educational trajectory in the
regulation of the learning process and the account of knowledge in the form of
loans.
The essence of this training is to create the conditions when a student
should be subject of the learning process. He should feel the need for
knowledge, the need to test the self-change, to acquire the motive for
self-development. Then the study will be a matter of sensible, have a direct
and important in this process, the teacher-teacher plays a huge role, it was he
who directs the student in a particular direction, he is responsible for the
quality of teaching, and it is said that a teacher must possess methods of
teaching, through which he realizes the process of teaching for him.
Credit technology education enables young people to realize all his
intellectual and spiritual resources, or by using experienced teachers to
design their educational trajectory, to study the disciplines that strengthens
the ability of them and, subsequently, career opportunities, position in the
labor market in the long run, to live normally. The whole education system is
riddled with the idea of humanization, which confronts modern education are two
priorities: the priority of self-education on the transfer of knowledge and
skills, and the priority of individual interests over the curriculum [1].
One of the main features of this technology is the transition from
learning method of coercion in teaching to enhance the student to the
extraction of knowledge. As a result of such training, the person is ready to
quickly change the scope of professional activities, depending on the intensity
of changing labor market conditions, while the traditional system of education
in the university system focused on the knowledge, skills, and has been associated
with reproduction, primarily generated solutions with almost no creative
component.
In the new conditions, young professionals must not only have basics of
his own profession, but be able to analyze the extraordinary situation, make
responsible decisions, arguments to defend their point of view, in short, be
competent and independent. This means that the priority of the modern
university is to ensure the quality of education, understood not in the
abstract, not only as the sum of knowledge and skills, but in terms of outcomes
of training, including teacher training for secondary schools.
Effective means of improving the efficiency of education and training of
a future teacher is the use of active forms of learning, to which eye is
usually referred business games, role-playing method, the analysis of specific
situations, the, active programmed instruction, game design, analysis of
concrete situations, discussions and exchange of experience, etc. Among these
forms simulation games deserve special attention, as the game is one of the
main activities of man. It is known that the game can get a complete picture of
the reality of playing only the essential components of the system, the
compression of time and space intervals.
Game forms can be used in the diagnosis of formation of certain personal
qualities, knowledge, skills and abilities of students.
It is advisable to consider three types of diagnostic situations.
a) Identify the level of scientific and technical knowledge, ethical and
legal concepts and a willingness to use them as a rough basis of the solution
of practical problems.
b) Identify the level of experience of the collective activity of a
similar professional work.
c) Diagnose personal experience and willingness to apply knowledge in
practice-kyo. [2]
In order to make the education and training of future teachers
successful it is necessary to base on research scientists and psychologists of
thinking. L.S. Rubinstein, speaking of the relationship between thinking and
learning, points to their dual purpose. On the one hand, the possibility of
mastering the educational information requires a certain level of development
of thought processes, on the other hand, the acquisition of knowledge has an
impact on the development of thought itself, as the knowledge involved in the
process of thinking, enriched schayut it and determine its future course, so to
some extent deterministic undermine intellectual development of students. [3].
There are many models of personality, which is determined with the help
of its various components: the motives and needs, intellectual, sensual,
strong-willed, moral, ethical, practical, and activity based. The very names of
these components give us the opportunity to present their content. For example,
the moral and ethical component reflects the typological qualities and traits
of personality, capable of rational thought, which is particularly important
for the teacher.
Activity-practical component logically leads to the question of what
activities or exhibits and brings up a personality. A person is engaged in the
activity when the world develops, manufactures material and spiritual benefits
to meet their needs. Purposefulness, properties and quality of the activities
depend on the attitudes and culture of the individual, which is formed by
certain cultural, historical and socio-environmental conditions. The man, the
social and natural environment, the nature of their interaction as object of
activity in education will be of interest to students, if they have developed a
certain motivation is the need for such education, from which, in turn, will
depend on their activity in this field.
The motivation is shaped by the needs, the highest of which is the
desire to use a full potential, find and realize the meaning of his life, which
is considered to be an innate property of the person and the main driver of
behavior and choice of character. It is an innate property must support and
developing education, to plan its content to so that the student saw the need
for knowledge and skills for the successful implementation of their
opportunities and desires, consistent with the good of the whole society.
Despite the fact that the university abstract theoretical material is
absorbed considerably easier, personal experiences and the importance of not
losing its relevance in this period. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the
danger hobbies of augmented theory, continue to develop emotional sensual
sphere, which may be facilitated by games, discussions, various feasible
independent studies, workshops on relevant topics, etc. Dry unimpressive
training makes difficult formation of non-pragmatic attitude towards the world
.
Knowledge combined in the process of learning activities and the
development of emotional and sensual world will form a certain outlook and
socio-economic outlook of the student. Complete picture of the world develops
in a human-ka when the world view that is based on the intuitive,
sensory-visual thinking complemented outlook, ie well-developed abstract
logical thinking.
Consciousness involves such personality traits that are indicative of a
high-level intellectual culture: responsibility, self-control, will,
subordinated to the personal interests of publication, the account of moral
norms and human values. Acquiring cultural and historical experience of
mankind, the individual becomes part of society, which suggests that social,
civilized consciousness.
Construction of the system of education aimed towards students'
competence, in our opinion, suggests three main groups of problems of oriented
on the formation of the basic competence of the teacher, which is particularly
important for the modernization of secondary education.
The first group of problems is to see the student in the subject, to
build his individual educational route.
The second group of tasks is to create conditions for student
achievement goals of education, i.e. the formation of key competencies of
students.
The third group of objectives is to establish the student's interaction
with other actors in the educational process.
For the construction of pedagogical tasks in the process of solution of
which will be shown the basic and core competence of the teacher, it is
necessary to specify the selected group of tasks.
Thus, the first set of tasks can be assigned the following tasks:
- The disclosure of potential students;
- The creation of a situation of choice for students;
- Assistance to students in learning the skills of self-examination, the
formation of skills to adequately assess themselves and the opinion of others
about themselves;
- Organization of group, individual and collective activity of the
school.
The second group of problems, based on the creation of conditions for
student achievement goals of education can be deployed as follows:
- Creation of the student’s motivation to learn;
- The implementation of competence-oriented goal-setting;
- Design and adapt learning contents to age singularities of school
children;
- The selection of learning technologies, including remote sensing;
- The selection of indicators of student performance and development of
the subject in accordance with the age characteristics;
- Provide methods of pedagogical support, adequate results
diag-diagnostic-forming competence of students;
- Development of evaluation procedures.
The third group of tasks, the base of which is the interaction of the
student with other subjects of the educational process is as follows:
- The organization of cooperation between a school in the learning
process;
- Use of the media (including the Internet);
- The development of teaching materials for students in the collective
require-Ning;
- Assist in the development of the student's own views and evidence in
his defense during the debate.
Professional, the basic competence of the teacher, in our opinion, are
characterized the processes of pedagogical decision-making. This makes it
particularly urgent problem of development of a modern master the ability to
see problems in the educational process, teaching yourself to set specific
goals and objectives, to find ways to address them, as well as to analyze and
evaluate the results.
The most important task in the preparation of teaching staff is to
develop their professional and intellectual culture.
Among the many different approaches to determining the professional
pedagogical culture proposed by scientists personal approach. Thus, the
combination of intelligent, practical, and emotional and value components to
individual self-fulfillment in their work and behavior, adapt and integrate
into existing and projected socio-economic conditions, taking into account the
moral and ethical systems of society, considering the professional culture of
many scientists. Others consider it the most important means of
self-development as a person who has formed the pedagogical culture, not only
creates wealth, and uses the value of culture, but also in its development
process is raised to a higher level of freedom. Some understand the
professional culture as an organic unity of knowledge, belief and artistic
practice, as well as the results of which are created by people in the course
of social development.
We agree that the current high school graduates need to be fully present
such personal qualities as a willingness to engage in new economic relations,
competitiveness, flexibility and professional mobility, broad-minded. On the
separation of specific personality traits have led in-depth analysis of
scientific and educational literature, our scientific research and practical
work. We managed to identify those personal qualities that manifest themselves
in a professional and pedagogical culture of the individual. Let us consider
the most important of them.
In the structure of the professional culture plays a significant role in
person quality, as responsibility. The individual must learn social norms,
Ro-left duties, value of certain communities of people, and in accordance with
them to build their behavior in different situations. The process of
development of social functions and adequate awareness of their individual
responsibilities are determined by many factors: cognitive, motivational,
characterological, situational, environmental, etc. The formed notion of
responsibility - this is the subject's ability to recognize personal
responsibility for the performance of their duties. And with responsibility,
contributes to the need to keep a record of their own process and the results
of its activities, ie sufficiently developed self-control. Makarenko believed it
was necessary to raise such a sense, the ability to experience emotional
responsibility. [4]
V.A. Sukhomlinsky linked the formation of responsible with citizenship
education, as citizenship always means the responsibility. Responsibility must
be first and foremost to their own conscience, restless and strict guardian of
the mind. The highest form of responsibility V.A. Sukhomlinsky consider a
person's ability to form their own moral duty to demand from themselves their
performance and implement self-esteem and self-control [5].
The researchers emphasize that the responsibility is closely related to
the independence. Responsible individuals have a total capacity for
self-enforcement organization and management of their employment. This means
the ability and desire to work independently, organize, plan and control the
individual stages of work and all the activities as a whole, including its
interaction with other people.
Autonomy and personal qualities closely linked with each other such as
activity and initiative. Activity of the individual is the desire and ability
of a person to produce socially significant transformation in various
activities on the basis of the assignment wealth of material and spiritual
culture, manifested in the works, volitional acts communication. Initiative is
seen as the highest form of activity, which is manifested in the willingness
and ability of the subject to rise above the demands of the situation, set
goals, redundant in terms of the original problem. In other words, the initiative
is a personal quality, reflected in the ability of their own accord to set
goals and creatively, with full responsibility to implement them.
The relationship professional and moral culture, due to the increasing
role of human values and strengthening of moral consciousness, by the need of
formation of the younger generation morally justified on the needs and ways to
meet them with the possibilities of moral norms and principles play a special
role.
Formation of a professional culture of students is due, first of all,
the level of development of their cognitive, mental processes and personality
traits such as memory, thinking, imagination, attention, language,
characteristics of the flow of emotion, volitional processes, etc. As well as
the influence of external factors such as the microenvironment, media , forms
of action and, above all, the exercises and games, communicate with teachers,
peers, who often have a decisive impact on the interests, needs and motivation
of student behavior in a variety of types of learning and cognitive activity of
future teachers.
Literature
1. The reforms in the education system of the Republic of Kazakhstan //
Science and education.2011, ¹ 4 (35).
2. Isaev, K., A. Akchurin A. Reforms in the education system of
Kazakhstan: problems of training of future specialists // School of Kazakhstan.
2009, ¹ 4.
3. Rubinstein, L.S. And ways of thinking about his research. - Moscow:
Acad. Sciences of the USSR, 1958. - 147 p.
4. Makarenko, A.S. Lectures on parenting / / Coll. Op.: 7 tons - M.:
Education, 1957. - T. 4. - 552.
5. Sukhomlinsky, V.A. Wise power of the collective. - M.: Education,
1975. - 239 p.