Tatyana Kryvorot
National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine,
Ukraine
Justification of training model for future masters of pedagogy to the usage of
mathematical statistics in scientific and educational research
Mathematical
and statistical training of masters of pedagogy can be defined by a summation
of pedagogical conditions: leading inquestions of using means of mathematical
statistics in scientific and educational research to the content of the subject
"Basic of scientific
research" for masters of pedagogy; introduction of special course
"Methods of mathematical statistics in scientific and educational
research"; improve the content of scientific and pedagogical practice of
masters of pedagogy to update using of
mathematical statistics in scientific and pedagogical research. But for realization
of these pedagogical conditions it is necessary to combine them into a coherent
system. Therefore there is a need to substantiate and develop a training model
for future teachers to the use of mathematical statistics. The concept of model
can be represented as a system of elements that reflects certain aspects,
connections and functions of the research subject. Model is a concrete image of
the object on which the study is conducted. In our case, model is algorithmic
machine of learning course - Mathematical Statistics.
Modeling
is the process of creation and researching of model and model is a tool, form
of scientific knowledge. Many methods of scientific research are based on
modeling, because modeling allows estimating and predicting development trends
of studied processes and efficiently manage these processes. That is, modeling
is one of the main categories of the knowledge theory, method of research of
objects with their mental images and analogies.
In
pedagogy, modeling allows to construct a methodological training system of a
discipline focusing on common methods of scientific knowledge and
psychological-pedagogical specificity of cognitive activity[2].
In
pedagogy they model the content of education and training activity to improve
the educational process and content optimization discipline. Pedagogical
modeling performs a function of an educational means and a method of
educational material generalization. Modeling of training material is used for
logical organization of information, edification of diagrams and flowcharts,
presentation of educational material in visual, accessible for perception and
practical form [4].
The
object of pedagogical modeling is an educational process or education content,
and the subject of pedagogical modeling is the individual aspects of the
educational process or its characteristics. Pedagogical learning model is an
organization of method and conditions of student’s and professor’s activity.
Modeling
of training process is a tool that is designed to increase the level of
assimilation of new knowledge, stimulate self knowledge, enable development and
encourage self-development skills and creative abilities of students in higher
education institutions.
To
develop an effective pedagogical model first of all you need to formulate goals
and objectives, define the conditions and methodological basis for modeling,
isolating components of the model. The model should be simple and understandable, calculated for long
term use and have a clear figuration.
Then, you must determine the control system for acquiring of the results and determination of
efficiency established model of training. Important methods of modeling are
algorithms, analysis, synthesis, comparison, contrast, formulation of problematic
questions, tests, analogies, interpretation, using of symbols[3].
You
can identify the main lines of modeling application in pedagogy, education,
training and teaching. The educational model is a logically consistent system
of elements that contain objectives and contents of education, technologies and
learning management. There are model of mixed abilities, integrative model,
innovation model and adaptive model. Education is a two-way process, consisting
of teaching and learning. Therefore, the learning process can be represented
through a teaching model, learning model and a model of pedagogical
interaction.
Review
learning models which highlight the components of the learning process
optimization. There are didactic and pedagogical (methodological) model, which
is based on acquired knowledge in the context of a particular subject.
1.
Didactic model –
theoretical,generalization model. Didactic modeling generates objective
knowledge, consists in creation of imaginary situations that require
professional skills to achieve specific educational goals. According to S.I.
Archangel didactic modeling can be divided into strict and not strict[1].
2.
Education (methodological) model is
a practical model that provides the realization of learning process on the
basis of the theory. Methodological modeling is associated with the development
of general ideas, concepts, algorithm of learning process, that is modeling
becomes a method of teaching.
After
developing of method of teaching the subject, there is a further step -
developing of learning technologies that contain methodological solutionsof
presentation of educational information. There are different components of
activity and organizational forms for method of teaching the subject.
Principles, methods, techniques and forms of activity are developed according
to the educational needs and are the modeling implementations of methodological
decisions within a particular training subject.
We
can distinguish the principles of scientific, systematic and consistency,
communication of education and life, unity of theory and practice,
traditionalism and innovation. Methods and techniques are divided into
traditional and interactive teaching methods. Traditional methods are methods
of organizing, motivating and stimulating of learning activities, monitoring,
implementation, analysis, assessmentof learning outcomes. The methods of
interactive learning include: business and role-playing games, target micro
learning, brain storming. Among the education forms are learning lectures,
seminars and workshops, teaching practice, individual learning objectives,
student’s research work, and independent work. Depending on the form of
training modeling performs various tasks and functions. During the lecture
modeling performs information, imitation, explanatory and interpretation
functions. On a practical lesson modeling performs descriptive, analytical,
imitation and creative functions [6].
Modeling
of training students reveals the structure of personal qualities and
capabilities, content of intellect and knowledge, skills and abilities required
for successful professional training and independent activity conduction.
Personal
qualities can be represented as interconnected components:
organizational-activity, creative, cognitive, gnostic, effectively practical,
psycho-physical. Organizational-activity component is knowledge and
understanding by a student of his characteristics and traits, the presence of
self-organizing skills, methods possession of reflective thinking, the ability
to build a training plan and implement self-esteem. The creative component
includes initiative and creativity, originality, experience of the realization
of the creative abilities. The cognitive component contains intellectual
qualities (erudition, logic, thinking outside the box), possession of basic
knowledge and ability to apply this knowledge in practice. Gnostic component is
based on a deep knowledge of selected area on psychological preparation, on
orientation to self-development. Effective and practical component includes the
ability to use professional knowledge, possession of modern technology and
information technologies, set and solve the target problems deliberately.
Psycho physiological component based on performance, endurance, mobility,
psychological resilience, commitment and other moral and volitional person’s
qualities[5].
Creation
of model requires a research of the implementation mechanism (methods, tools,
forms, technologies) and identifying all its components (structural and
functional elements, stages and levels) and the character of their intercourse.
You
can define static and dynamic characteristics of modeling. The static
characteristic depends on the scale (modeling system, process, situation); on
development of knowledge (methodological, conceptual, theoretical, practical).
Dynamic depends on the structural elements (motive, purpose, subject, object,
process, equipment, environment, method, result); on functional elements (predictional, programmable,
planning); on modeling of phase (training, development, test, completion); on
the character of the action (organizational, informative, personal).
So,
for successful training of future masters of pedagogy to the use of
mathematical statistics is needed:
1.
To form student’s motivation to
learn mathematical statistics as an integral component of scientific and
educational activities.
Methods
of motivating formation to learn mathematical statistics in scientific and
educational activities:
-
Needed motivational components:
instruction, interests, value orientations.
-
Reflectively evaluative component:
consciousness, self-esteem.
-
Creating a favorable psychological
climate for disclosure students abilities in their learning.
-
Studying of pedagogical research
methods, features and criteria of their effectiveness.
2.
To solve the problem of the learning
process optimizing.
-
Problem: the learning process
optimizing.
-
Contradiction: between the content of necessary information
and the reserved time for its assimilation; between the training level of
bachelors and requirements for graduates from master; between the requirements for
young researchers and conditions of their studying at the university.
-
Methods of solution: creation of a
learning environment aimed at formation of theoretical knowledge;immersing
students in situations that require practical application of mathematical
statistics; organization of independent students work to studying the subject.
3.
To identify the components of the
pedagogical model.
In
a researching of the training process of future masters of pedagogy to the use
of mathematical statistics in scientific and pedagogical researches among the
major components of modeling is singled out: targeted, semantic, procedural,
personal and motivational; formation of motivation to scientific and
professional activities; improving theoretical knowledge of mathematical
statistics; practical skills development of usage tools of mathematical and
statistical apparatus during scientific and pedagogical practice.
Definition
of pedagogical conditions was in progress considering to the purpose and
objectives of the research; features and complexity of the mathematical
statistics subject; prospects of their implementation in real learning process
of masters of pedagogy in higher education institution.
There
are accented three pedagogical conditions of masters of pedagogy training to
the use of mathematical statistics methods which are important in the creation
of educational models and determine the phased structure of mathematical
statistics learning, adapting of discipline content to students professional
needs, program orientation for a certain level of research activity on the
basis of students mathematical preparation, includes systematic control of
knowledge, skills, checking formation of the future teacher-researcher.
Literature
4.
DakhinA.N. Modeling in pedagogy:
attempt to comprehend / AN Dakhin // Bestreferat.ru [electronic resource]. -
Mode of access: http://www.bestreferat.ru/referat-78582.html.
http://intellectinvest.org.ua/pedagog_editions_emagazine_pedagogical_science_vypuski_n1_2010_st_2/