Agriculture/2. Mechanization of agriculture

Gorb S. S. Klasner, G. G.

Kuban state agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Russia

Soybeans in poultry feeding

The feeding of poultry-standard on a broad range of nutrients and biologically active substances and metabolizable energy. In particular, it was found that the productivity of birds at 40-50% is determined by the flow in her body of energy. The main suppliers of energy for birds are feed grains and feed fats [1,2].

The most important factor determining the success in the rearing and exploitation of an adult bird — a complete protein meal, which is evaluated on the content and ratio of amino acids in the consumed feed. To protein feeds include soybean and its by-products, which, after appropriate training, become an unbeatable source of energy, protein and other nutrients in the diets of poultry[3,5].

The easiest method of feed processing for poultry is their cooking or handling hot steam. Usually for this purpose is used a special equipment running on natural gas and having a productive 680 kg/h of finished product. Crude soya bean seeds are passed through the cooking chamber, then crushed and granulated. It is established that pelleting of soybean seeds for broilers efficient because it increases the degree of degradation of forage and improving nutrient absorption[4].

For those cases when the granulation is excluded for economic reasons, the maximum number of untrimmed beans (not more than 25%) that can be entered in the diets of birds without harm to her health and productivity [6,7].

The experiments conducted in Arkansas (USA), showed that the use of boiled and fried extrahierung soybean seeds in the mixtures of grains for poultry is economically feasible. The potential profit ranges from 2.76 to conventional units of 13.62 per ton of soybean seeds [8,9].

Noteworthy electrothermal method of processing soybeans at a temperature of 110° C with an exposure of 2 min at a ratio of beans and water of 1:1.5, and the extrusion of the seed, which not only inactivates the inhibitor, but also significantly increases the content of metabolizable energy to 17 MJ per 1 kg of feed. Soy flour without the preliminary heat treatment can not be used in the diets of poultry, since an increase in input of raw soy products reduces its productivity.

The need for heat treatment of raw soybean seeds can be confirmed by the following data. If we take the utilization rate of protein in dry skim milk for 100% in raw soya bean, the figure will be 30. After a slight heating — 36, in a properly warmed — 89 and overheated as a result of partial denaturation is only 81%.

The staff of the National biotechnology Institute used in feeding 6-monthold laying hens for 113 days, the feed containing 100% heat-treated soybeans or ekstrudirovannogo that allowed in a production environment to increase egg production during the observation period from 71 to 78 units or 9.8%, payment of feed products from 5.2 to 5.7 eggs/kg or 9.8%, of the whole mass of eggs — by 1.6%, the content of carotene in the yolk — 2.2% unit How characterizing hatching and nutritional quality of eggs. by 10.3%, the resistance of the shell puncture-6.0% and to reduce the volume of air by 21.1%.

In scientific research Institute of livestock, the possibility of substitution of fish meal soybean meal at 25 and 75% protein in the diets of broiler chickens. When replacing 25% of protein fish meal soybean meal meat live weight of birds was equal to 1160 g age 46 days, while in control — 1148 When the diets of broiler chickens were excluded fish meal 75% protein replaced with soybean meal, the growth rate of chickens dropped slightly. Thus, in the diets of broiler chickens fish meal, it is better to replace soybean meal in the amount of 25% protein.

Literature:

1. Класнер Г.Г. Применение сои в кормах сельскохозяйственных животных / Класнер Г.Г., Горб С.С. // Международное научное периодическое издание по итогам международной. науч.-практ. конф.: Новая наука: Проблемы и перспективы: ООО "Агентство международных исследований" (Уфа), 2016. № 5-2 (79). С. 89-91.

2. Класнер Г.Г. Применение сои в кормах / Класнер Г.Г., Горб С.С. // Международное научное периодическое издание по итогам международной. науч.-практ. конф.: Новая наука: Проблемы и перспективы: ООО "Агентство международных исследований" (Уфа), 2016. № 5-2 (79). С. 91-93.

3. Класнер Г.Г. Применение экструдированной сои в животноводстве / Класнер Г.Г., Горб С.С. // Международное научное периодическое издание по итогам международной. науч.-практ. конф.: Новая наука: Проблемы и перспективы: ООО "Агентство международных исследований" (Уфа), 2016. № 5-2 (79). С. 93-94.

4. Класнер Г.Г. Соевое молоко в рационе кормления сельскохозяйственных животных / Класнер Г.Г., Горб С.С. // Международное научное периодическое издание по итогам международной. науч.-практ. конф.: Новая наука: Проблемы и перспективы: ООО "Агентство международных исследований" (Уфа), 2016. № 5-2 (79). С. 110-112.

5. Фролов В.Ю. Параметры сепаратора бесподстилочного свиного навоза / Фролов В.Ю., Горб С.С., Класнер Г.Г. // Эффективное животноводство. 2015. № 8 (117). С. 17-19.

6. Фролов В.Ю. Классификация способов инактивации антипитательных веществ / Фролов В.Ю., Сысоев Д.П., Класнер Г.Г., Горб С.С. // International Scientific and Practical Conference "World science". 2016. Т. 1. № 4 (8). С. 39-43.

7. Фролов В.Ю. Технологии и технические средства приготовления концентрированных кормов с использованием соевого белка / Фролов В.Ю., Сысоев Д.П., Припоров И.Е., Горб С.С. // International Scientific and Practical Conference "World science". 2016. Т. 1. № 3 (7). С. 53-58.

8. Фролов В.Ю. Соевый шротважнейший источник кормового белка / Фролов В.Ю., Горб С.С. // В сборнике: Научное обеспечение агропромышленного комплекса Сборник статей по материалам IX Всероссийской конференции молодых ученых. Ответственный за выпуск: А.Г. Кощаев. 2016. С. 415-416.