Филологические науки / Методика преподавания языка и литературы

Petrova E.A.

Doctor of philological sciences

Ufa Law Institute, Russia

TO THE ACTIVE METHODS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE SPEECH ACTIVITY

The current research in the field of linguistics suggests that the effectiveness of the interconnected training of a foreign speech activity is provided by introducing a variety of active learning techniques. Their use clearly increases the level of a foreign language communicative competence. In the modern conditions in the period of increasing volume of information and knowledge, accumulated by mankind, teachers understand that learning should be student-centered [1, 35].

This means that you must take into account the abilities and needs of students. Education should be developing, motivating, differentiated, and so on. We believe that active learning is provided by a combination of the following methods:

– reproductive techniques (business role-playing games);

– search methods (independent work of students, the work with reference books);

– perceptual methods (video tutorials, meetings with representatives of English-speaking countries);

– logical methods (language exercise, "case studies" or a specific analysis of the situation);

– methods and modular training techniques.

The reproductive method is characterized by the fact that students reproduce the knowledge to have been acquired. The required strength of the assimilation of the material is achieved by mastering the multiple repetition of knowledge. The reproductive activity of students must necessarily be combined with the creative work, which is implemented, for example, in business games.

The business game play provides both social and substantive content of future professional activity of a specialist, simulating the relationships that are typical for the scope of professional work of the future expert and professional modeling of problematic situations.

The search learning technologies are widely used in the organization of students’ independent work. The independent work of a search and analytical nature (the creation of projects, preparation of reports) promotes the development of individual skills of getting knowledge, critical thinking, knowledge of general and special character. Using the audio-video provides comprehensive intensive memory training, training the integrated use of information channels, training pace of perception, etc. [2, 67].

Логические методы традиционно подразумевают выполнение разнообразных языковых и речевых упражнений (например, лексико-грамматических, переводческих и т.д.). Однако к группе логических методов также представляется возможным отнести и технологии, предусматривающие творческие системно организованные действия учащихся, например, анализ кейса (конкретной ситуации, дела).

The logical methods traditionally involve the implementation of a variety of language and speech exercises (e.g., vocabulary and grammar, translation, etc.). However, we believe that it is possible to refer also to this group of logical methods the technologies providing creative systematically organized actions of students, for example, analysis of the case (the specific situation).

We are quite aware of the fact that it is expedient to combine the method of analysis of the specific situation with the reproductive method, i.e., with the role-playing game, after which there comes the complete discussion of the work of students. Besides, errors are analyzed and conclusions are drawn. We should take into account the perceptual method, when after watching the video, there is also a discussion and analysis of the particular situation. Thus, the students learn on their own and others' mistakes.

There is no doubt the fact that learning should be student-centered. This means that you must take pay attention to the abilities and needs of the specific features of students. Therefore, training should be developing, motivating, differentiated, etc. In this regard, the main task is training the independent selection and use of the information you need.

One of the most effective means of training, allowing to solve these problems, is a modular training. Its essence lies in the fact that students achieve their own goals of teaching and learning activities in the course of work on the module, which integrates learning objectives, training material, indicating tasks, recommendations on the implementation of these tasks [4, 89].

It should be noted that in the application of modular technology a central place is occupied by the student and the teacher only controls his training – motivates, organizes, advises, monitors. Personality-oriented technology based on modular technology is characterized by advancing study of theoretical material in large blocks.

The leading principles of modular technologies include: the principle of modularity; structuring principle (listening module, module of speaking, writing module); the principle of dynamic activities; the principle of versatility of methodical counseling; the principle of conscious learning activities.The blocking principle implies wholeness, completeness and fullness of teaching material in the form of educational elements of the system. The teacher can easily interchange the elements within the module unit [3, 56].

Practice shows that the application of the method of modular training forms students' skills of self-education, removing it to independence. So the whole process of learning is based on the perceived hierarchy of close-in, medium and long-term general educational purposes.

Thus, we put forward the concept provides training to all kinds of speech activity in the complex, which combines the most effective techniques and teaching methods necessary for oral communication in the area of professional activity: reading of a special literature and materials of the periodical press with the extraction of professionally relevant information; business correspondence and documentation with the application of modern means of communication; translation of information on the specialty from English into Russian and from Russian into English; writing various types of summary, report, essay, essays in a professionally oriented field; content-stylistic analysis of authentic materials.

References:

1. Zagvyazinsky V.I. Training theory: a modern interpretation. – 4th ed. sr. – M .: Izdatelsky center "Academy", 2007. – 126 p.

2. Innovative projects in language education. Collection of scientific papers / Ed. Y.B. Kuzmenkova. – M.: Center for the interaction of cultures FIYAR MSU. University, 2007. – 324 p.

3. Pisarenko V.I. Modern educational technology. Prospective information technology and intelligent systems. – №3 (23). – M., 2005. – P. 57-67.

4. Chernilovsky V.I. Didactic technology of high school. – M.: UNITY-DANA, 2002. – 250 p.