Economic science/10. Economics of enterprise.

Ph.D., associate professor Karpenko O.О.

Kyiv State Maritime Academy After Hetman Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny, Ukraine

Role of transportation and logistics companies in formation and functioning of transportation and logistics clusters

Transportation is one of the basic industries of the national economy, effective functioning of which is a prerequisite for economic growth, for the increase of national economy’s competitiveness and people’s standards of living [1].

As international experience shows, the most effective direction of the development of transport sector in Ukraine can be realized by creating a transportation and logistics system of the country which provides an interaction of all participants of the transportation and distribution process in organizational and economic, technical, technological and informational aspects under cargo flows, and also gives an opportunity to take a competitive position in the international market of transportation and logistics services [2].

For a well-functioning transportation and logistics system, an appropriate transportation and logistics infrastructure is needed. One of the main problems of the formation of integrated transportation and logistics infrastructure is a lack of transportation and logistics centers that make it possible to optimally organize a distribution of material flow, inventory management, change transportation modes, as well as provide storage services. It is transportation and logistics centers that meet international standards of cargo handling, and are essential links in the transportation and logistics infrastructure, since they provide its coordination, integration of the systems of trafficking and transportation, handling and transportation systems, relationships with manufacturers, carriers, banks, insurance companies and consumers [3].

Transportation and logistics center promotes a coordination of the usage of various transport modes, performs cargo-handling operations and intermodal exchange, provides short-term and long-term storage of goods, performance of necessary customs procedures, stock counts, and cargo forwarding, provides a full range of maintenance and commercial and business services, and participates in delivery of goods to customers using modern technologies [4].

Transportation and logistics centers become more important also due to the fact that they should become the launching complex, around which transportation and logistics clusters will be gradually formed. Transportation and logistics clusters are a new stage in the development of transportation and logistics systems on the principles of voluntary association of enterprises that are their links and maintain their independence in its community, as they contribute to a more efficient use of transportation and logistics capabilities.

Transportation and logistics clusters are naturally interconnected and interdependent links of logistic system with a key status of transport mediator who executes an interorganizational coordination and provides synergizing effect [5].

A successful functioning of transportation and logistics centers and clusters is possible through the establishment of partnership and close cooperation of all links of the logistics chain – from producer to consumer. Therefore, it would be expedient to introduce a concept “transportation and logistics companies” including suppliers of transportation, infrastructure and logistics services. It is transportation and logistics companies provide a successful execution of functions and tasks of transportation and logistics centers and clusters.

the development of transportation and logistics companies should be based on the principles of innovation and integration cooperation in the formation and functioning of transportation and logistics centers and clusters. In its turn, the formation of a network of transportation and logistics centers and clusters will enhance the efficiency of transportation and logistics systems and the entry of Ukraine into European and global transport space; will accelerate the implementation of efficient transport technologies (multimodal transportation, intelligent transport systems, logistic transportation technologies, etc.); will minimize overall logistics cost through a whole chain of cargo delivery; will form an integrated information and analytical system to control the processes of transportation and logistics services; will ensure the development of transportation and logistics infrastructure and transportation and logistics companies.

References:

1. Про схвалення Транспортної стратегії України на період до 2020 року [Електронний ресурс]: розпорядження Кабінету Міністрів України від 20.10.2010 № 2174-р. – Режим доступу: http://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2174-2010-%D1%80

2. Брагінський В.В. Розвиток транспортно-логістичної системи як форма реалізації транзитного потенціалу України [Електронний ресурс] / В. В. Брагінський // Державне управління: теорія і практика : наук. фах. вид. Нац. акад. держ. упр. при Президентові України. – 2011. – № 2 – 12 с. – Режим доступу : http://www.academy.gov.ua/ej/ej14/index.htm

3. Пархаєва Н.В. Проблеми та перспективи розвитку логістичної інфраструктури в Україні / Н. В. Пархаєва, Б. В. Колосова // Теоретичні і практичні аспекти економіки та інтелектуальної власності. - 2013. - Вип. 1(2). - С. 259-263. - Режим доступу: http://nbuv.gov.ua/j-pdf/Tpaeiv_2013_1(2)__58.pdf

4. Дащенко Н.М. Розвиток логістичних центрів на сучасному етапі [Електронний ресурс] / Н.М. Дащенко. – Режим доступу: http://archive.nbuv.gov.ua/portal/natural/Upsal/2009_6/09dnmcps.pdf.

5. Гриценко С.И. Транспортно-логистические кластеры в Украине: пути становления и развития [Текст] / С.И. Гриценко. – СПб.: Изд-во СПбГУЭФ, 2009. – 218 с.