Pedagogical sciences

Professor Zolotuhina S.T.,

H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University (Karkiv, Ukraine)

Phd Budanova L.G. (Ukraine)

National University of Pharmacy (Karkiv, Ukraine)

DIAGNOSTICS OF FUTURE PHARMACISTS’ PREPARATION LEVEL IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN EAST EUROPE

 The study of high pharmaceutical education in foreign institutions is largely caused by the urgent requirement of time in order to achive a higher level of global pharmaceutical sector. So, it is important to analyse the positive experience of higher pharmaceutical education reforming in foreign countries.
 A total of 419,353 pharmacists work in the 25 EU countries surveyed. This gives a mean value of16,774 pharmacists per country with a median of 6,278. The mean and median are very different as the distribution of the data is highly skewed. This is due to the fact that the population of the EU (n=25) - 501 million - is roughly distributed into larger and smaller countries. Twenty % of the population of the EU lives in 17 smaller countries: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia and Sweden, and 80% lives in 8 larger countries: France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain and United Kingdom.

The experience of the east Europe countries is near for Ukraine. The east Europe and Ukrainian models of of future pharmacists’ professional training have many general and excellent issues, predefined by the historically formed traditions, features of national, socio-economic, spiritual development of the states, conceptual principles of educational politics. So, the experience of the east Europe countries according to pharmacists’ professional training presents considerable interest for Ukrainian scholars.

Maintenance, facilities and structure of diagnostics of future pharmacists’ preparation level in higher pharmaceutical educational institutions ( in East Europe countries have been analyzed: Medical University – Sofia, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bulgaria, Sofia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk; School of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz; Faculty of Pharmacy, Warsaw Medical Academy; Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Analytics, Jagiellonian University; Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova; Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy; Albert Szent Gyorgyi Medical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Szeged; Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University of Medicine; Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Pecs; Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.

Activities and occupations of pharmacists in East Europe. Community: preparation of medicines, dispensing of medicines, substitution by generic drugs, customer counseling on, medicinal prescriptions, use of self-medication medicines, dietetic products for adults and babies, programs on addictive drug substitution , nicotine replacement drugs and strategies, blood pressure, glycaemia, cholesterol monitoring/screening, reporting of adverse drug reactions. Hospital: purchasing, stocking, distribution of drugs, management of drug budget, preparation of drugs for specific pathologies. e.g. anticancer drugs, specialized medical devices and material, sterile preparations, radio-chemicals, quality assurance, interaction and communication with others: doctors, nurses, hospital board; prescription of drugs under certain circumstances , participation in clinical trials, teaching of hospital staff, pharmacy students, personalised medicine service. Industrial: research and development of drugs, synthesis and production, preclinical and clinical drug evaluation, marketing authorization, quality assurance, marketing, management of complaints, recalls, food industry, cosmetology, biotechnology. Other: clinical biology / chemistry, academia, wholesale and distribution of medicines, armed forces, fire service, police, communication, marketing, state and local governments, insurance companies, IT database and technology, family planning clinics, labile blood products, transfusion services; humanitarian aid.

Table 1. East countries pharmacists: reported data

№	Country	Population	Public	Hospital	Industrial
		(mln.)	pharmacist	pharmacist	pharmacist
1.	Bulgaria	7.6	6,000	114	1000
2.	Czech Republic	10.5	6,000	220	15
3.	Hungary	10	4,900	350	1200
4.	Poland	38.1	21,534	1,100	NA
5.	Romania	21.5	13,500	692	100
6.	Slovakia	5.4	2,900	159	200

It has been established that data relating to percentage of the 7 subject areas in the course were almost all of normal distribution. Medical sciences represent the main subject area followed by chemical sciences, pharmaceutical technology, biological sciences, physics/mathematics, generic subjects and law/society/ethics

Table 2: Subject areas in %: reported data

Country	Chemical disciplines	Physical and mathematical Disciplines	Biological disciplines	Pharmaceutical Discipline	Medical Disciplines	Social sciences	General disciplines, practice
Bulgaria	31.0	7.0	11.0	13.0	24.0	7.00	7.00
Czech Republic	17.0	5.0	8.0	22.0	19.0	13.00	16.00
Hungary	27.2	5.2	5.2	16.0	28.5	3.88	14.22
Poland	21.3	4.1	8.0	15.9	38.2	6.20	6.20
Romania	26.1	8.7	15.8	14.1	24.9	3.70	6.60
Slovakia	28.8	8.8	10.9	14.4	27.6	3.40	6.00

Traineeship was mainly in community pharmacy(58%) with 26% in hospital and 16% in industrial settings. Traineeship was mainly in the fifth year (74%).

The outcomes of our research have been established that future pharmacists’ professional training is carried out individualization and differentiation of professional training.

References

1. Atkinson Jeffrey, Rombaut Bart. The 2011 PHARMINE report on pharmacy and pharmacy education in the European Union 20-Sep-2011 Accepted: 7-Nov-2011.

2. Council Directive 85/432/EEC of 16 September 1985 concerning the coordination of provisions laid down by Law, Regulation or Administrative Action in respect of certain activities in the field of pharmacy [Еlectronic resource]. – Access mode:http://www.aic.lv/ace/ace_disk/Recognition/dir_prof/SECTORAL/ 85_432pharm.pdf.

3. Developing pharmacy practice. A focus on patient care. Handbook [Електронний ресурс]. – 2006 edition / K. Wiedenmayer, R. S. Summers, C.A. Mackie [etc.]. – WHO with IPF, 2006. – 87 р. fip/publications/DevelopingPharmacyPractice/DevelopingPharmacyPracticeEN.pdf.

4. FIP statement of policy on good pharmacy education practice [Еlectronic resource]. – Approved by FIP Council in Vienna in September 2000.– Access mode: http://www.fip.org/www/uploads/database_file.php?id=188.

5. The role of the pharmacist in the health care system. Preparing the future pharmacist: curricular development [Еlectronic resource] / Report of the third WHO consultative group on the role of the pharmacist, Vancouver, Canada, 27-29 August1997.–Accessmode: http://www.opas.org.br/medicamentos/site/UploadArq/ who-pharm-97-599.pdf.