Ахметова Д.Д.,курсант 1 «Б» курса209

учебного взвода,факультет подготовки

следователей УЮИ МВД РФ

Economic crimes.

In modern criminology at crime in the sphere of economic activity (economic crime) means a series of selfish economic crimes committed in this area in a certain area for a certain period of citizens in the process of their professional activities and encroaching on the interests of the participants of economic relations, as well as how to manage the economy.

To date, this crime is becoming a major public threat, because it is the sphere of the economy is experiencing a "flurry of attacks" by members of crime. In a poll conducted by Russian experts, it was found that 86% of respondents the main reason for the growth of economic crime is considered a crisis[1].

In accordance with the Criminal Code to the economic crimes are primarily crimes committed directly in the sphere of economic activity (illegal and false entrepreneurship, illegal banking activities, illegally obtaining a loan; the legalization (laundering) of money or other property acquired by criminal means, counterfeiting , smuggling, fictitious and deliberate bankruptcy, evasion of taxes and duties, customs duties, etc.), and a number of other crimes affecting the economic interests of the crimes against property (theft, fraud, misappropriation and embezzlement); part of the crimes against the interests of service in commercial organizations (abuse of power, abuse of powers private notaries and auditors, commercial bribery); part of the crimes against the public service and service in local government (abuse of power, abuse of office, forgery, illegal participation in entrepreneurial activity, bribery).

For crimes in the sphere of economy is characterized by a high rate of growth. According to official data, Russia annually detected between 300 and 375 thousand. Economic crimes, which represents about 15% of all recorded crime in the country. Criminally responsible for these crimes involved more than 130 thousand. Man. Analysis of statistical data in recent years, reflecting the high growth rate of economic crime[2]. So, at the end of the 90s up to the present time it has grown by 1.7 times, and its average annual growth rate of over 15%. The share of serious and very serious

crimes including economic crimes is more than 50%. At the same time the dynamics of the crimes identified in the area of economic activity, characterized by uneven.

Number of recorded crimes is constantly changing. However, as the criminological research, these data are less and less reflect the real extent of this type of crime.

     Criminological aspect of this crime is a constant expansion of types of criminal infringements in the economic sphere. So, along with the traditional widespread crimes such new types of economic crimes such as illegal business; legalization (laundering) of money; illegal deals with currency values, etc.

Almost all economic crimes cause harm to property relations. At the same time, property crimes committed in the sphere of production, business, trade, provision of other services, and at the same time violate the normal way of economic relations. The damage caused by this type of crime is very strong effect on the state of the economy as a whole[3]. So, in 2014 revealed more than 60 thousand of grave and especially grave economic crimes. The size of the material damage caused by consummated criminal cases exceeded 150 billion rubles. Chief of Economic Security and Anti-Corruption Dmitri Mironov among the priorities for his department in the economic crisis calls the fight against systemic corruption, withdrawal of capital abroad, as well as the decline in the share of the shadow economy.

Protecting economy against criminal offenses of criminal elements has become one of the most important tasks of the state and society. The problem of economic crime and corruption of the police purely as it is in most countries, moved into the category of political, presenting today a threat to national security.

   There is every reason to assert that in the research and practice to combat economic crime analysis of this type of crime should be implemented taking into account not only the whole complex of legal norms, but also the psychological processes in the sphere of economic relations between the people who are their members. The latter fact is, along with the theoretical and practical significance not only for the fight against economic crime in general, but also for direct human activities on the implementation of the organizational, criminal, legal and operational and investigative efforts by police to protect the economy from criminal encroachments, loss of mismanagement , waste and the like, because only on this basis can apply an integrated approach in the fight against it.

  The function of the fight against economic crime in our country is implementing a set of social institutions. Special service in protecting the economy of crime by identifying, preventing and disclosing them must share with the investigating unit, other agencies of internal affairs bodies and law enforcement agencies to solve another important having a psychological aspect, the task - to take steps to redress the damage caused Economic Crimes entities owned.

Literature

1. Zhurnal "Russian police"

2. Uchebnoe manual "Crimes in the sphere of economic activity" NE Krylov BM Leontiev.

3. Sayt: www.economicrime.ru