OIL AND GAS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM COROSSION AND PROTECTION PROBLEMS AND
PERSPECTIVES
Volynets Valentyna
Derkunska Zhanna
The solution of the problem of corrosion is quite complicated, since it
is at the intersection of three sciences - the economy, which provides for a
reduction in losses of labor, material and financial resources caused by metal
corrosion, partial or complete failure of fixed assets; Ecology, whose decisive
task is to prevent pollution of the environment during accidents; chemistry
whose task is to increase the duration of the process of corrosion destruction
of metal and develop new measures of corrosion protection of metal.
The
fight against corrosion is a complex of tasks, including corrosion monitoring,
the creation of equipment in corrosion-resistant design and maintenance of its
reliability during operation.
Monitoring
is a system for monitoring the condition of pipeline facilities for the timely
detection of changes in operational parameters, their evaluation and prevention
of negative consequences.
To
solve the problems of data collection and predict the corrosion rate, the
technical monitoring system should perform the following main functions:
obtaining initial data for calculating the potentially predicted corrosion rate
of the MG surface; prediction of the corrosion rate of the outer surface and
the residual life of MG, timely warning of the activation of corrosion
processes; archiving and storing the information received for further analysis;
automatic and semi-automatic control of the health of system devices, control
of power circuits, integrity of sensors and communication lines with executive
mechanisms; organization of interaction with the operator.
Monitoring
is an important aspect of anticorrosion protection of pipelines and includes
both industrial and laboratory work. Industrial work involves the installation
and maintenance of corrosion control units (RCC), mounted on various pipelines.
During the maintenance process, samples are installed to assess the rate of
corrosion and protection effectiveness, and fluid samples from the pipeline for
analysis are also sampled (including stratified). During the laboratory tests,
the phase composition, properties, content of aggressive components in the
pumped medium, etc., and the residual content of the inhibitor in the liquid at
various sections of the pipeline are determined. Based on the results of
corrosion monitoring, a report is prepared on the dynamics of the corrosive
activity of the pumped media, the state and the degree of protection of the
monitored pipeline facilities.
The
complex of measures for the protection of pipelines against corrosion generally
includes the application of: technological methods; chemical methods (use of
corrosion inhibitors, bactericides, oxygen scavengers, hydrogen sulfide
neutralizers); electrochemical protection (ECP); corrosion-resistant pipes;
protective coatings.
The
quality of pipeline protection against corrosion is constantly increasing.
Almost every 10 years there are new insulating materials, new technologies and
equipment. On the other hand, the conditions for the construction and operation
of pipelines are becoming increasingly stringent (development of offshore oil
and gas fields, deep water laying, construction of pipeline sections by the
methods of "directional drilling", "microtunneling",
operation of pipelines at temperatures up to 100 ° C and above, the
construction of pipelines in the Far North, etc.), therefore, the conduct of
research, development and implementation of new modern technologies in the
direction of anticorrosive research is I needed, cost-effective and extremely
current and future challenges of today, that lead to a reduction in costs for
repairs of technological equipment and, consequently, to a decrease in the cost
of crude production.
Chinese
scientists estimated that in 2014, corrosion and its consequences caused damage
to the economy of
REFERENCES
1.
Mazur M.P. Features of corrosion of industrial pipelines under the influence of
gas hydrates / M.P.Mazur, L.Ya.Poberezhny
// Bulletin of the East-Ukrainian National Volodymyr Dal University. - 2013. - p.167-173.