Using comparative analysis tables in the study of dental diseases

State Institution “Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy of Health Ministry of Ukraine”.

Department of Dentistry. Faculty of Postgraduate Education.

Semenov K. A.

Abstract

In order to optimize the educational process when teaching medical disciplines different forms and methods of teaching are being used. Information range of material when studying dental diseases is quite wide, so in order to specify, compose, refine, combine into a unified whole, and to analyze the material under study, a simple, but such an important tool, as a comparative analysis table is recommended for use in training programs.

Keywords: comparative analysis table, differentiation of dental diseases.

Table (Polish tablica, from Latin tabula) is a list, catalogue of information, numerical data arranged as a certain system and separated by columns; summary, record.

Використання таблиць порівняльного аналізу при вивченні стоматологічних захворювань.

ДЗ «Дніпропетровська медична академія Міністерства охорони здоров'я України», кафедра стоматології ФПО.

Семенов К. А.

Резюме:

Для оптимізації навчального процесу у викладанні медичних дисциплін використовують різні форми і методи навчання. Інформаційний обсяг матеріалу при вивченні стоматологічних захворювань досить широкий, тому щоб специфікувати, скомпонувати, уточнити й об'єднати в єдине ціле, а також проаналізувати досліджуваний матеріал рекомендується використання в навчальних програмах простого, але такого важливого інструменту, як таблиця порівняльного аналізу.

Ключові слова: таблиця порівняльного аналізу, диференціювання стоматологічних захворювань.

Comparative analysis is a method of analysis of objects in which a new state is compared to an older state of an object, or a state of one object is compared to a state of another object, where such comparison may be considered appropriate. Comparative analysis is one of the main methods used in scientific researches and teaching.

Types of comparative analysis:

1. horizontal and vertical

- horizontal (when absolute and relative deviation between compared parameters is determined)

- vertical (when structure of phenomena is studied by calculating specific weight of different parts in the whole)

2. dynamic and static

- dynamic or temporal (when changes in objects are studied in view of time parameter)

- static or dimensional (when parameters of one period are assessed in different objects)

3. univariate and multivariate

- univariate (comparison by one or more parameters of one object or comparison of several objects by one parameter)

- multivariate (comparison of several objects by a wide range of parameters).

4. by comparative base:

- comparison of actual parameters with norms and standards;

- comparison of actual parameters with data of previous years;

- comparison of operational results before and after a certain change in any factor or operational situation occurs.

Comparative analysis table allows to reveal peculiarities and specifics of each disease separately and also to define the same symptoms in different types of diseases, and perform differentiation of diseases by similar clinical pictures.

This means learning how to carry out differential diagnostics of dental diseases in the dentofacial apparatus.

So, which criteria do you need to apply in order to compile a comparative analysis table as a teaching tool?

1. Context. It is necessary to define the subject, which would become a background for comparative analysis.

2. Reason for comparison. The study should justify a reason for which the selected objects will be compared.

3. Arguments. Arguments should be based on facts with references to reliable sources. Assertions are intended to show how objects are related to one another. Do they complement, enrich, contradict, challenge or exclude each other? The purpose of the arguments put forward is to show the correlation between two or more objects under study.

Example of comparative analysis table in the study of basic dental diseases:

	Nosologic Units
Localization, where the process is taking place
Etiology (causes of the process)
Progress: acute, chronic or stages
Spreading (the way organs and tissues are involved in the process)
Nature of manifestations: -Local -General condition
Duration of the current process
Complications and prognosis
General principles of treatment
Clinical picture
Differential diagnostics

Using comparative analysis tables in the study of basic dental diseases allows revealing the peculiarities and specifics of each particular disease, which contributes to a better mastering of the material. Comparative analysis tables combine information that is necessary in order to remember and detect facts used in differential diagnostics of dental diseases.

List of References:

1. Fokin Yu. G. Teaching and Training at the Higher School / Yu. G. Fokin. – Moscow: Academy, 2001.

2. Timofeev A.A. Independent Work of Students / A.A. Timofeev, S.V. Vitkovskaia, S.V. Maksimcha // Modern Dentistry. – 2009. – No. 1. – P. 143-145.

3. Kraevsky V. V., Khutorskoy A. V. Fundamentals of Training: Didactics and Methodology. Tutorial for University Students. – Moscow: Publishing Center “Academy”, 2007. – 352 p.