Vakhitova Galima

Cadet of Ufa Law Institute

of the Interior Ministry

of the Russian Federation

Law-enforcement agencies in Russian Federation

The Russian Federation in conforming with Art. 1 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation is a democratic, federal and legal state. Any democracy, especially the right to require of his defense. At the same time the state system for the protection of the rights required to have agencies with special competence, with the aim to protect the legal system for the benefit of man, society and the state.

Law enforcement agencies have a special role in the power structures of the state, because they are an essential tool for implementing the principles of the rule of law, justice and humanism.

Law enforcement activity - is activities of the State, through its designated authorities to ensure law and order, protection of the rights and legitimate interests of society, the state, public and other associations of citizens, protection of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen [1].

Law enforcement agencies in the Russian Federation - a complex of specially authorized state agencies which carry out law enforcement activities to ensure law and order, the protection of human rights and freedoms. [2]

So the main task of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation according to the Constitution is to protect the rights and freedoms of a citizen, which determine the meaning, content and application of laws, the activities of the legislative, executive and judicial power in Russia in conformity with the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Law enforcement agencies are an integral part of our country and ourselves. [3]

The main features of law enforcement agencies are:

1.Specially created for law enforcement, state agencies;

2.Protection Act of potential and actual offenders, protection and restoration of the rights of citizens, enterprises, organizations, society and the state, law enforcement and security.

3.In the process of its activity the law enforcement authorities can apply measures of criminal, administrative, disciplinary, property liability.

4.The order of organization and activity of law enforcement agency must be regulated by law or other normative act.

By state law enforcement agencies include:

- Court of Justice, Prosecutor's Office, Judicial authorities, internal affairs agencies, the agencies of the preliminary investigation, Customs, Service for the Control of Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, Security agencies.

Laws on enforcement agencies - the laws and other legal acts of the Russian Federation and the subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as international treaties which contain rules defining principles of law enforcement, organization and functioning of law enforcement agencies. Depending on the legal validity of normative-legal acts of the law enforcement bodies are divided into [3]:

• Constitution of the Russian Federation, which has the highest legal force. All other legal acts must comply with the Constitution;

• Federal Law (including constitutional taken on these issues in the Constitution), the Constitution, the statutes and the laws of subjects of the Russian Federation;

• decrees and directives of the President of the Russian Federation;

• decisions and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation, which must conform to the Constitution, federal laws, decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation;

•acts of ministries and departments (departmental acts), which published the heads of relevant Government ministries or offices responsible for law enforcement (Ministry of Justice).

It should be kept in mind the not only and not so much law enforcement agencies, how many functions they perform to achieve the desired results: checking the constitutionality of laws and other regulations; consideration of civil, criminal, administrative and disciplinary proceedings; ,implementation of prosecutor's supervision and maintenance of the charge; detection and investigation of crime, the enforcement of sentences and other judicial decisions; prevention of crimes and other offenses; protect the legitimate interests of citizens, their rights and freedoms. These results are achieved realization of the functions: [5]

Constitutional control,the administration of justice,the administration of justice,the administration of justice Prosecutor's supervision,the administration of justice,operational and investigative,execution of judgments,l egal aid and defense in criminal cases,the prevention of crimes and other offenses.

Depending on the specific law enforcement purposes are divided into the following types:

a) constitutional control;

b) the public prosecutor's supervision.;

c) legal assistance and defense in criminal cases;

d) maintenance of activity courts.

By its content law enforcement is not unique. Its diversity is manifested in the relative diversity of social functions performed, the contents of which define the core of this type of state activity [4].

Law enforcement agencies in a certain way constitute an isolated on the basis of professional activities of an independent group authority of the State that have their own clearly defined objectives.

Sources:

1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation of December 12, 1993.

2. Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 10 December 1948.

3. http://www.bestreferat.ru/

 4. The book "The law enforcement bodies of the Russian Federation".

5. https://ru.wikipedia.org/