Doctor of
Economic Sciences
Stetsenko S.P.
Kiev National
University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
UPDATE CATEGORICAL APPARATUS, METHODOLOGICAL
APPROACHES AND ANALYTICAL TOOLS FOR ECONOMIC SAFETY OF CONSTRUCTION ENTERPRISES
The
content of the category "economic security" is most fully
disclosed in the process of
analysis of its components: the functional area and the
state of security (object analysis); carriers of the state
of security (subject analysis); set of parameters
for assessing the safety status
(quantitative and qualitative analysis).
There
are two approaches
to assessing safety: the concept
of security, which is based
on the understanding
of security as a denial (limitation)
of hazards; the concept of
development, based on the understanding
of security as a guarantee of improving the
economic system and the conditions
of existence of individual economic
actors.
The
link between investment activity and economic security
requires further justification in terms of finding
out direct and feedback links,
parameters, estimation, forecasting techniques. In the analysis
of investment activity the general
economic-theoretical approach to
understanding of any activity is
used, namely: its interpretation as a unity of
purposes, means, results and mechanisms
of realization. This approach makes
it possible to find out
the relationship between the categories
that reflect the subsystem of
relations related to the guarantee
of economic security, namely: "economic security" - "investment activity" -
"investment process"
- "investment guarantee
of economic security" - "Investment
security" - "investment
security mechanism" -
"investment policy".
The
significance of investment policy in the context
of securing economic security is compounded by
the fact that the expansion
of investment, the complication of its structure
in the conditions
of market transformation of the Ukrainian economy
is accompanied by the emergence
of threats of economic security
that do not
have the appropriate and simultaneously effective mechanisms for their neutralization. Therefore, the modern investment process involves the transition to a qualitatively new regulatory system, which should
function on the basis of
principles and criteria of economic
security. Investment policy is an
important tool for realizing the
strategic objectives of economic development,
which provides the financial-resource base at the present
stage in the following way:
1) the distribution of specific functions
of management of the investment
process and the corresponding rights and responsibilities
between the management structures of the five
levels (state, industry, regional, municipal and enterprise).
Developing a clear mechanism for interaction
between these investment management bodies;
2) construction of a selective and targeted
system for financing investment projects;
3) realization of "self-financing" of investment and economic decisions by enterprises and regional authorities
in case of
reduction of budget financing;
4) activation of the
banking system of crediting participants
of the investment
process;
5) development of a system of competition
for investment applications and procedures of state
and bank assessments of comparative priority of projects as
objects of financing;
6) development of the legislative and regulatory framework, which stimulates the investor to proactive
activities and minimizes investment risks;
7) improving and improving
the reliability of forecasting of market conditions
and conditions of the "external
environment" for a
long-term perspective;
8) a comprehensive analysis of the economic,
environmental and social consequences of large-scale investment programs;
9) technical and technological
restoration of the fixed assets
through the new construction, reconstruction and modernization of the bulk of
promising enterprises;
10) restructuring and re-profiling of enterprises
that do not
provide competitiveness in the market
economy system