РhD Predun
K.M.
Kiev National
University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
MODERNIZATION OF FUNCTIONAL AND TECHNICAL STANDARDS
IN THE METHODOLOGICAL BASIS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
The
basis of many modern methodologies
for business process modeling in reengineering projects is the
SADT methodology, the IDEF family of standards,
and the algorithmic
languages used to develop software.
Recently, several types of methodologies,
such as Business
Process Modeling, are used to
describe, simulate and analyze business
processes; Work Flow Modeling; Data Flow Modeling.
Among
the methodologies for business process
modeling, the most common is
the methodology for describing business processes - the standard IDEF0. The model consists
of diagrams, text fragments and a glossary. Diagrams are represented
as blocks and arcs, in
which there is clearly no
sequence or time. This method
is complex in perception and
there are difficulties in linking several processes. Today, the development of the IDEF0 methodology
is associated with the improvement
of its supporting
tools - software products for business
process modeling (for example, BPWin,
ProCap, IDEF0 / EM Tool, etc.).
To
simulate top-level processes, the so-called "matrix" modeling is also
used, which allows us to
classify, describe and optimize the
business processes of an enterprise.
The matrix model is formed
as a process of processes and
subsystems, the crossing of which
creates the tasks necessary for the enterprise.
The peculiarity of this model
lies in the
fact that the formed matrix
for the enterprise
creates the task of the
level of the organizational unit, which can
then be grouped
according to both functionality and market or
process principles.
In
general, there are three approaches
in the literature
to the formation
of top-level business process modeling. The first
approach focuses on a detailed description
of the sequence
of actions conducted by the
employees to achieve the result
and reflected in the model
of Oracle Business Models (OBM). The construction of such a model
and its use
is used as
a tool when working on a project
implementing the ERP system at a large
enterprise, comparing existing and future
business processes. However, the enterprise
is described in terms of
functional activity, that is, when
decomposition of the model, business
processes and operations are described as activities
assigned to different functional units and specialists,
and this violates the main
unambiguous principle of reengineering.
The
second approach allows you to
synthesize business processes of the
enterprise and group work. The
peculiarities of such models are
the clear aggregation of work "on the
result" and the precise execution
of the same
principle of process management. As a result, it
is possible to reduce staff,
to optimize the activity of
the enterprise, to provide transparency
to the management
of the enterprise.
However, the introduction of rigorous requirements for the qualification
of performers and due to
the high abstraction of principles and concepts in the
model, there are difficulties in its development
for the enterprise.
The
third approach, based on the
described Portal of the value
chain, highlights processes as a consistent contribution to creating a product
that is designed
to find competitive
advantages. However, the model is
still more demanding, serving exclusively to understand the essence of the
enterprise.
In
practice, DFD (Data Flow Diagramming) notations are actively
used, which are intended to
describe the flow of data,
that is, they represent how each process
converts its output to the
result. Thus, the DFD allows you to display
the sequence of work performed
in the process,
and flows of information circulating between these works. In
this case, the DFD note provides
the opportunity to describe the
flow of documents
and material resources. This methodology is effectively used to describe processes
in implementing a process approach to enterprise management,
since it minimizes the subjectivity
of describing business processes.