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Doctor of Economic Science, professor Aubakirova Zhanar Yahiyaevna

Kazakh National University of Al-Farabi, Kazakhstan, Almaty

Candidate of Economic Science, Beysenbaev Zhaksylyk Temirbolatovich

Kazakh National University of Al-Farabi, Kazakhstan, Almaty

Master of 2 course Zhanatkyzy Samal

Kazakh National University of Al-Farabi, Kazakhstan, Almaty

Agro-industrial complex of the republic of Kazakhstan, a general description of the economic situation              

The agrarian sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan occupies considerable specific weight in economy. The republic has enough land grounds for their effective use in production of products of agriculture and livestock production. For ensuring economic transformations in the agrarian sphere the State agro-food program of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2015-2019, and also the State program of development of rural territories of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2015-2020 is approved. A main objective of the adopted programs is ensuring food security of Kazakhstan on the basis of formation of effective system of agro-industrial complex and production of competitive production.

Agro-industrial complex — the largest industry complex uniting several branches of economy directed to production and processing of agricultural raw materials and receiving from it production brought to an ultimate consumer [1]. It is the set of branches of national economy including the agricultural industry and industries, which are closely connected with agricultural production, transporting the storage, processing of agricultural production, delivery to her consumers providing agricultural industry with the equipment, chemicals and fertilizers, serving agricultural production [2].

In agro-industrial complex all sectors have the share for development of this sector of economy. For the concrete analysis we will consider a state grain production (fig 1).

There is a kind of agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan grain industry. Because in terms of average annual production of three 18022.3 thousand tons of grain by the end of 2015, Russia produced Federation 26025.2 thousand tons of grain produced, Belarus, 18009.1 thousand tons of grain produced in the country. These indicators can be concluded that the high rates of grain production in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In addition to the production as the main reason for going abroad for export indexes include, but are not of the grain industry between the years 2015 and 2013, exports amounted to less than 19%. And imports in 2013 as compared with 39% in 2015 with rope, as the main reason for the increase in the index of the weakening of domestic economic conditions.  

 

      Figure 1. State grain production of the Republic of Kazakhstan (thousand. tons) [3]

In agro-industrial complex all sectors have the share for development of this sector of economy. For the concrete analysis we will consider a state meat production (fig 2).

 

Figure 2. State meat production of the Republic of Kazakhstan (thousand tons) [3]

State meat production in the national the economy has a big share for development. The state meat production develops slightly less than grain production. First, on a manufactory the share for development has the, but on export has very low indicators. In meat production the economy of Kazakhstan imports more, than exports. For such indicators can affect and other sectors and factors of development.

In the agro-industry complex, the main part of structure of AIC is rural economics. Nowadays, rural economics has some problems in developing economy. So, rural economics has two parts: crop and livestock. Livestock is the best sector of development of the agro-industry complex. In the livestock industry there have seen a steady increase in the number of livestock and poultry, and livestock production since the early 2000s.  

 

Table 1 – Exporting states of livestock [5]

¹

The exporter

Sold \ head

Share, %

1

Russia

4 567

68,4

2

Australia

1 202

18,4

3

USA

540

8,3

4

Ukraine

319

4,9

Total:

6 628

100,0

 

According to the analysis of the end of 2015 of the Republic of Kazakhstan has imported 4567 head of cattle from Russia Federation, 1202 head of cattle from Australia, 540 head of cattle from the United States and 319 head of cattle from Ukraine, so overall has sold 6628 head of cattle. These means, that these countries are the major exporting countries with such proportion:the Russia Federation 68.4%, Australia 18.4%, US 8.3%, while the state of Ukraine 4.9 %. Therefore, our main importing country is a country of Russia (table 1).

 

 

Fig. 3 – The Republic of Kazakhstan in 2014 livestock number amounted [3]

 

According to the Committee on Statistics of the Ministry of national economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2014 livestock number amounted to: cattle - 5.9 million heads, sheep and goats - 17.7 million heads, pigs - 0.8 million heads, poultry - 35.2 million heads. Potential of the country currently is not fully implemented. In comparison with 1990, the number of livestock and poultry decreased: cattle by 1.6 times, small cattle by 2 times, pigs by 4 times, poultry by 1.7 times [4].

Finally, the complexity of agriculture in the Republic of Kazakhstan is one of the most important areas in the economic sector. The economic situation of the country is directly related to the agro-industrial complex. In turn, the agro-industrial complex consists of several small structures. They are: the provision of the means of production in agriculture sector in the field of agricultural crops and livestock industry and procurement, transportation, processing, and to ensure that the final consumer industries. One of the most important components, including description of the economic situation in agriculture is developed. Livestock is the best sector of development of the agro-industry complex. Since the early 2000s in the livestock industry have seen a steady increase in the number of livestock and poultry, and livestock production. The main exporting countries of cattle farming is Russia Federation 68.4%, the most significant component of the weight of the state. In addition, at the end of 2015, the sold number of head of cattle is 12588. This is the quality of the agro-industrial complex in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the increasing economic importance of the sector. At the same time, through the development of agro-industrial complex of breeding is in the higher level, the number of cattle is reduced, thereby the profitability of the national economy is increased.

***

References:

1.    T.B.Uskakova, R.Y.Selimenkov, A.N.Chekansky. Agriculture Region: Status, Trends and Prospects. –M.: Kolos, 2011. – 250 p.

2.    Chipkin Y., Lyukshinov A., Management in Agribusiness. –M.: Kolos, 2007. – 264 p.

3.    The official internet resource of the ministry of agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan http://mgov.kz/en/napravleniya-razvitiya/zhivotnovodstvo/              

4.    Kazakhstan’s Livestock Sector – supporting its Revival \ Joint Economics Research Program \ The Government of Kazakhstan and the World Bank