J.B. Seytkerim1, A. J. Toregeldieva2.

Scientific advisor: professor of medical science, tutor of neurology department – (T.T. Kispaeva) 3)

Tape therapy in the treatment of nonspecific low back pain with neurologic nosology

KSMU, Department of Neurology, Karaganda c.1,2,3

Actuality: The pain in the lumbosacral part of spine is currently one of the most common complaints people have. About 72% of Kazakhstan's population under the age of 40 years, at least once consulted a doctor because of back pain. Degenerative changes in the intervertebral joints, intervertebral discs in the overload, disease and dysfunction of the spinal ligaments are often responsible for the formation of back pain, which is the most common pain including musculoskeletal pain. The fact that there are many kinesio taping therapy LBP, each of which has a number of sub-categories is a testament to the fact that none of the approaches has failed to demonstrate its superiority. Evidence suggests that the efficacy of certain interventions supported (for example kinesio taping therapy), while other measures are not effective for the LBP (such thrust). This situation makes it very difficult for doctors, politicians, insurance companies, and patients who take decisions about the treatment that is most suitable for the treatment of chronic LBP.

Objective: to examine the effectiveness of kinesio taping therapy in the treatment of nonspecific low back pain.

Materials and methods: We did a literature review on the treatment of nonspecific low back pain using kinesio taping therapy from 2005 to 2016 on the bases Cochrane and PubMed.

Results: We have 6 small randomized controlled trials involving a total of 487 participants with nonspecific low back pain. In each study, participants divided into 3 groups, the group with kinesio taping therapy, the group with the placebo and control group. Compared kinesio taping therapy with the placebo effect, as well as in effect checked healthy people after exercise, in patients with acute pain in lumbar, at the elderly, and as an additional method of treatment of LBP with the addition physical programs of treatment.

During using kinesio taping therapy at one week, the experimental group had significantly greater improvement in disability, by 4 points (95% CI 2 to 6) on the Oswestry score and by 1.2 points (95% CI 0.4 to 2.0) on the Roland-Morris score. However, these effects were not significant four weeks later. The experimental group also had a greater decrease in pain than the control group immediately after treatment (mean between-group difference 1.1cm, 95% CI 0.3 to 1.9), which was maintained four weeks later (1.0cm, 95% CI 0.2 to 1.7). Similarly trunk muscle endurance was significantly better at one week (by 23 sec, 95% CI 14 to 32) and four weeks later (by 18 sec, 95% CI 9 to 26). At patients, who had a KinesioTaping patch applied on the lumbosacral spine pain measured by VAS reduced (p ≤ 0.001). Considering respondents' sex, the spine mobility in the tilting position improved in men in the study group in terms of tilting to both sides. In all patients, the application of a KinesioTaping patch significantly improved the rotation to the right side (p ≤ 0.05), scores in the "finger-floor" flexion test (p ≤ 0.01), and the extension range (p ≤ 0.01). After 48 hours, there was a statistically significant difference between the Kinesio Taping  group versus the control group (mean between-group difference = -3.1 points, 95% CI=-5.2 to -1.1, p=0.003), but no difference when compared to the placebo group (mean between-group difference= 1.9 points, 95% CI=-0.2 to 3.9, p=0.08).

Conclusion: KT appears to improve the time to failure of the extensor muscle of the trunk obtained using the Biering-Sorensen test. These findings suggest that KT influences processes that lead to muscle fatigue and that KT could be effective in the management of LBP.

Hence, continuous application of KT around the trunk may be a supplementary treatment method for acute LBP in physical therapists and enable continuous patient handling without any loss of work time due to occupational LBP. In addition, KT may also be applicable for the prevention and treatment of occupational LBP in other professions involving lifting heavy objects.

References:

1.     Kase K. Fundamental concepts of the Kinesio Taping ® method. Kinesio Taping Association, 1998. 2. Shim JY, Lee HR, Lee DC. The use of elastic adhesive tape to promote lymphatic flow in the rabbit hind leg. Yonsei Med J. 2003, vol.44, ¹6, pp.1045-1052.

2.     Castro-Sánchez AM, Lara-Palomo IC, Matarán-Peñarrocha GA, Fernández-Sánchez M, Sánchez-Labraca N, Arroyo-Morales M. Kinesio Taping reduces disability and pain slightly in chronic non-specific low back pain: a randomised trial. J Physiother. 2012; 58(2): 89-95

3.     Cromie JE, Robertson VJ, Best MO. Work-related muscu­loskeletal disorders and the culture of physical therapy. Phys Ther 2002;82(5):459–72.

4.     Glover W, McGregor A, Sullivan C, Hague J. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders affecting members of the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Physiotherapy 2005;91(3):138–47.

5.     Kase K, Wallis J, Kase T. Clinical therapeutic applications of the Kinesio® taping method. Albuquerque: Kinesio® Taping Association; 2003.

6.     Neumann DA. Kinegiology of the musculoskeletal system: foundations for rehabilitation. 2nd ed. St Louis: Mosby; 2009.

7.     Thelen MD, Dauber JA, Stoneman PD. The clinical efficacy of kinesio tape for shoulder pain: a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2008;38(7):389–95.

8.     González-Iglesias J, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Cleland JA, Huijbregts P, Del Rosario Gutiérrez-Vega M. Short-term ef­fects of cervical kinesio taping on pain and cervical range of motion in patients with acute whiplash injury: a randomized clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2009;39(7):515–21.