Rahmetova G.Sh., Amangeldina G.A.

Karaganda State Technical University,

Karaganda, the Republic of Kazakhstan

Mobile technology in foreign language learning

Nowadays all possible ways and methods are used in the educational process, the main aim is to develop and improve the teaching and learning skills and abilities. And one of these methods is mobile technology. Currently mobile technology is evolving so rapidly that they become part of our lives and no one is without a computer and a mobile phone. This is reflected not only in everyday life but also in all spheres of life, including education.

Mobile learning has been developed in the last century and the prerequisites for this were laid in the 70-ies of XX century. When Alan Kay proposed the idea of "a computer the size of a book" for educational purposes in 90 years with the advent of PDAs begins development and evaluation of mobile learning for students, there are the first training projects for the mobile environment. Appear fundamental research in the field of mobile learning foreign scientists: T.Anderson, M. Sharlz, Allie M., D. At- tevel, M. Ragusa, D. Traxler.

The idea of using mobile technology in the educational environment is becoming increasingly important. In 90 years with the advent of personal handheld computers (PDA) begins development and evaluation of mobile learning students, there are the first basic research in the field of mobile learning, as well as the first educational projects for the mobile environment. T. Anderson examines the theory and practice of e-leaming; M. Sharpies learn learning to the mobile age; Allie M. considers electronic resources in the format of learning objects; D. Attevel emphasizes the need to involve and support mobile learners; M. Ragusa analyzes Australian mobile learning network, the introduction of mobile technology for the delivery of training courses for jobs; D. Traxler considering mobile learning based on the SMS-support system for teachers. The first book Mobile Learning: A handbook for educators and trainers, dedicated to mobile learning, appeared in 2005 (A. Kukulska-Hulme, John. Traxler).

The analysis of foreign and domestic pedagogical literature has shown that the majority of interpretations of the term "mobile learning» (mobile learning, m-leaning) based on the technologies used in mobile devices or on the didactic possibilities of their application. So, from a technological point of view, mobile learning - is the transmission and reception of educational information through technology WAP or GPRS on any handheld mobile device, with which you can access the Internet, receive or find materials to answer the questions in the forum, do a test, etc.

Mobile learning - an activity carried out regularly by the compact, portable, mobile, and technology and allows students to become more productive, communicating, receiving or creating information.

Mobile learning - is the ability to obtain or provide information in any format on personal mobile devices.

For mobile learning is characterized by the following:

1. Teacher mobile learning will not be able to teach the student to what he does not know how.

2. Innovative thinking is a prerequisite for the modernization of education and implementation of mobile learning.

3. Educational effect of mobile learning in each individual, there is no way to predict what it will be of a particular person in this situation, but in an environment of mobile learning is very high probability of self-interest on the basis of the student's competence crisis.

4. Mobile learning is based on relationships. The learner is always included in the whole system of interpersonal and social relationships (parents, teachers, colleagues, friends).

5. Mobile learning - a natural process of transmission and reception of information, using the need for computer communication, the evolution of technical training and opportunities of information and communication technologies; natural inclinations of man are directed to what should be explored.

6. Mobile learning is related to the practice of using technical means of education and the power of information and telecommunication technologies.

7. Mobile computer, other portable electronic device with wireless access to in-formation and telecommunications - an indispensable tool for the educational process of mobile learning.

8. Manage mobile learning can only be the one who owns the information

J. Traxler argues that mobile learning is changing completely the learning process, because mobile devices are not only modify the shape of the material, and access to, but also contribute to the creation of new forms of knowledge and mentality. Education becomes timely, sufficient and personalized («just in-time», «just enough», «just-for-me»).

Thus, the majority of scientists are inclined to believe that the definition of "mobile" characterizes the two main components of the educational process - access to learning and forms of implementation of educational interaction. The learner can now have instant access to training materials and programs, educational resources, to carry out tasks, to communicate with the teacher at any time and in any place. This form of training is also consistent with the modem concept of competence-oriented education in which the emphasis is on learning to independently find the necessary information, highlight problems and look for ways to solve them, to critically analyze the knowledge and apply them in practice.

During the analysis of the literature, we have set ourselves the fundamental characteristics of mobile learning:

1) mobile learning - a personality-oriented, situational and flowing at a convenient time and in a convenient location process;

2) mobile learning is a natural process of innovation in the education system;

3) mobile learning - a teaching cognitive activity that requires conscious effort: students must work actively in the process of mobile learning [2]. Here, in our opinion, the main attention should be paid to the psychological readiness of students to the implementation of training activities with the help of mobile devices;

4) The main feature of mobile learning is its focus on active and conscious self-employment;

5) The use of mobile technology in the learning process should be based on a systematic approach to ensure the implementation of certain didactic goals and objectives, and generally intensify the educational process.

Let us dwell on the last point. Effective model of the introduction of mobile technologies in the educational process has been proposed by foreign researchers and was named The Framework for the Rational Analysis of Mobile Education (FRAME) (Marguerite L. Koole). This model is a Venn diagram consisting of intersecting circles, which correspond with the basic aspects of mobile learning.

For mobile learning, the following mobile communications:

- Phones: Cell phones, smart phones (like Blackberry), smartphones (iPhone);

- a variety of handheld mobile devices: MP3 / 4 players, net, apparatus for electronic games (Nintendo DS), a device for listening to podcasts (iPod), GPS-navigators, and others;

- laptop computers - portable handheld computer (PEP), a tablet (iPad).

These devices are most often used in the following cases:

-For playback of multimedia educational web resources (audio, video, podcasts, images);

- to provide quick access to training sites, resources, reference books, dictionaries;

- for classroom communication (SMS-messages, webinars, instant messaging, Skype and so on.).

The study was conducted a survey of 65 students of the first-second course to determine their readiness for the implementation of mobile learning in the framework of self-study. Following data were obtained: 100% of students have cell phones, 95% of them - smart phones to access the Internet. The data allow us to conclude the technical readiness of students to the use of mobile technology in the learning process. Also, 87% of respondents expressed a desire to exploit the potential of mobile technology in the study of a foreign language, and in particular, during independent work. Students cited the following arguments: "the phone is always on hand", "you can get information at any place and at any time", "time spent on public transport, queues, traffic jams can be devoted to the study of a foreign language", "access to video and audio files in a foreign language. "It is also significant that 75% of the students expressed their fears that without consultation and monitoring of teacher self cannot cope with this activity as "do not know where to start."

Such an understanding of the essence of mobile learning as a means of intensifi¬cation of students' independent work, it allows you to select the function.

Motivational function. The current generation of students in the foreign literature is defined as «always-on generation» (always on the Internet). With this in mind, perhaps to strengthen students' independent work in any subject, take it to a new "mobile" level. Educational mobile applications are unconventional and relevance of the organization of independent work, causing the interest of students. Independent educational activity is timely, adequate and personalization («just-in-time», «just enough», «just-for-те»), which creates positive attitudes towards independent work: relaxation, psychological discharge, helps to intensify training cognitive activity.

Learning function. Access anywhere and at any time to a variety of types of tasks aimed at the development of receptive and productive foreign-language skills, which are a kind of continuation of the work carried out within the framework of classroom lessons. Systematic execution of tasks, consultation with the teacher in the course of independent work enhances the quality of students' knowledge on the subject "Foreign Language"

Developmental function. Systematically independent work has a significant impact on the educational and cognitive and personal development of the student. The student becomes more independent in finding information and its assessment, less likely to seek help from a teacher, to develop information competence and independence training.

Educational function. Active individualized independent work affects the personality characteristics of students developing their hard work, emotional and volitional, skills, self-reflection, "the trainees form a creative, constructive and active setting for future profession, a sense of civic and professional responsibility for their performance."

Independent function. A key aspect of mobile learning is its focus on an effective independent work. In the context of modem society information particular importance on their own skills to extract information, to receive it, synthesize, produce, and distribute the resulting new. Work with educational mobile applications offers a variety of tasks, flexible timetable for their implementation; examination of the information provided, as well as stimulates the search for a new; organize systematic feedback; timely monitoring and adjustment of self-activity of the student. These features suggest the formation of students' ability and desire to lead independently, and create conditions for independent use of different sources of information and its evaluation.

Taking into account the numerous positive aspects of the use of mobile technol¬ogy in the learning process, however it should be noted and the existing disad¬vantages:

- Teachers do not always have (as opposed to students) the appropriate level of competence that allows them to implement in the traditional form of learning tasks based on mobile technologies, use of existing educational applications for mobile de¬vices, to provide interactive support the learning process, to develop the competence of the students themselves in this area;

- At the moment is not enough ready mobile training resources and programs, although it should be noted that foreign language teachers are in a better position: there is a variety of different applications and games in foreign languages;

- Unwillingness of the majority of students a structured use of mobile technology in the performance of independent work.

In conclusion, it can be noted correctly, the advent and popularity of mobile technology has ushered in an era of Communication Revolution. Such is the effect of this revolution that pretty every student you come across has a mobile phone. Students are using the mobiles in colleges, universities, secondary and primary schools. And owing to the influence of this technology we will get more educational results in future.

1. Мобильное обучение в изучении иностранных языков http://www.moluch.ru/conf/ped/archive/70/3844/.

2. Использование мобильных технологий для организации самостоятельной работы студентов http://cyberleninka.ru/article/ii/ispolzovanie-mobilnyh- tehnologiy-dlya-organizatsii-samostoyatelnoy-raboty-studentov.